Infrahyoid flap: Myocutaneous pedicled flap for reconstrcution of tongue carcinomas

Abstract

The infrahyoid flap (IHF) is a myocutaneous pedicled flap which is mostly supplied by the superior thyroid vessels through the infrahyoid muscles perforators. The flap is thin and it could be transferred as a pedicle of superior thyroid artery along with the vein for the reconstruction of medium-sized defects of head and neck surgeries. The added advantage of this flap is that it is pliable and provides a skin island which is approximately seven by four centimeters from the central part of the anterior neck. The best substitute for reconstruction of oral defects is IHF. It can be carried out for the moderate defects of mouth along with that of pharynx carcinomas. The flap can be either unilateral or bilateral superior thyroid pedicle flaps but the main limitations are restricted arc of rotation and small flap volume. The IHF is contraindicated in cases with prior irradiation as well as cases of neck metastasis. The flap is most trusted and can be easily yielded during dissections of the head and neck; oncologically, it is safe and it carries least morbidity of the donor site.