Optimizing nitrogen fertilization for forage maize production to maximize profit and minimize environmental costs in a rainfed region in China

IF 2.3 4区农林科学 Q1 AGRONOMY

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science Pub Date : 2023-01-09 DOI:10.1080/03650340.2023.2165066

Na Shou, Wei Gao, C. Jiang, Renshi Ma, Samaila Usman, Xian-long Yang

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

ABSTRACT Appropriate nitrogen (N) fertilizer application can improve crop yield, increase N-use efficiency and reduce environmental pollution. A two-year field experiment was performed to explore the influences of N fertilizer rates on dry matter yield, crop N removal, N-use efficiency and apparent N budget. Five N application rates, i.e. 0, 70, 140, 210 and 280 kg N ha−1 (referred to as N0, N70, N140, N210 and N280) were tested. The application of fertilizer N markedly increased the dry matter yield of forage maize, which was highest for N210 with a two-year average of 22.6 t ha−1. The N210 treatment increased crop N removal by 34.9% on average compared with N0. As the N rate increased, soil nitrate-N accumulation increased exponentially, apparent N loss increased linearly and agronomic efficiency clearly decreased. The apparent N loss and soil nitrate-N accumulation decreased by 19.4% and 19.0%, respectively, and partial-factor productivity increased by 24.5% under the N rate that maximizes profit (195.1 kg ha−1) in comparison with those under the N rate that maximizes yield (244.4 kg ha−1). The N rate (195.1 kg ha−1) is recommended to maximize profit and minimize environmental costs in forage maize production in the semi-arid region in China.

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我国雨养区饲草玉米生产优化施肥实现效益最大化和环境成本最小化

适量施用氮肥可以提高作物产量，提高氮素利用效率，减少环境污染。通过两年的田间试验，探讨了施氮量对干物质产量、作物氮去除率、氮利用效率和表观氮收支的影响。试验了5种施氮量，即0、70、140、210和280 kg N ha−1（称为N0、N70、N140、N210和N280）。施用氮肥显著提高了饲草玉米的干物质产量，其中N210产量最高，两年平均产量为22.6 t ha−1。与N0相比，N210处理使作物氮去除率平均提高34.9%。随着施氮量的增加，土壤硝态氮积累呈指数级增加，表观氮损失呈线性增加，农艺效率明显下降。与产量最大化的施氮量（244.4 kg ha−1）相比，利润最大化的施氮量（195.1 kg ha−2）下，表观氮损失和土壤硝态氮积累分别减少了19.4%和19.0%，部分要素生产率提高了24.5%。在中国半干旱地区，为了使饲料玉米生产的利润最大化和环境成本最小化，建议采用氮肥（195.1 kg ha−1）。

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来源期刊

Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science AGRONOMY-SOIL SCIENCE

CiteScore

5.50

自引率

4.20%

发文量

107

期刊介绍： rchives of Agronomy and Soil Science is a well-established journal that has been in publication for over fifty years. The Journal publishes papers over the entire range of agronomy and soil science. Manuscripts involved in developing and testing hypotheses to understand casual relationships in the following areas: plant nutrition fertilizers manure soil tillage soil biotechnology and ecophysiology amelioration irrigation and drainage plant production on arable and grass land agroclimatology landscape formation and environmental management in rural regions management of natural and created wetland ecosystems bio-geochemical processes soil-plant-microbe interactions and rhizosphere processes soil morphology, classification, monitoring, heterogeneity and scales reuse of waste waters and biosolids of agri-industrial origin in soil are especially encouraged. As well as original contributions, the Journal also publishes current reviews.