Does Education Affect Environmental Crime? A Dynamic Panel Data Approach at Provincial Level in Italy

IF 1.4 Q2 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

International Criminal Justice Review Pub Date : 2021-05-19 DOI:10.1177/10575677211020812

A. Castaldo, A. R. Germani, Antonio Pergolizzi

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This article investigates the role of education on environmental crime in Italy using a panel of 110 Italian provinces over the period 2010–2015. We employ a system-GMM (Generalized Method of Moments) dynamic panel data approach to tackle the endogeneity that might arise in the estimations from the environmental crime dynamic path and to consider time-invariant effects on provinces. Our empirical results, even after controlling for socioeconomic and judicial efficiency characteristics, support the existence of a U-inverted relationship between education and environmental crime, which depicts an unconventional finding: At the margin, a higher level of education endowment offsets the propensity to commit environmental crimes, which are confirmed to be white-collar type of crimes. The results are robust to model specifications and endogeneity. Furthermore, to check the robustness of nonmonotonicity in the relationship between environmental crime and education and to control for unobserved provincial heterogeneity, we also exploit a semiparametric fixed effects model. There is wide room for efficiency gains that could arise from policy interventions aiming to put environmental crimes into perspective.

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教育是否影响环境犯罪?意大利省级动态面板数据方法

本文利用2010-2015年期间意大利110个省的小组调查了教育在意大利环境犯罪中的作用。我们采用系统- gmm(广义矩量法)动态面板数据方法来解决环境犯罪动态路径估计中可能出现的内生性问题，并考虑各省的时不变影响。即使在控制了社会经济和司法效率特征后，我们的实证结果也支持教育与环境犯罪之间存在u型倒关系，这描绘了一个非常规的发现:在边际上，较高的教育禀赋水平抵消了环境犯罪的倾向，环境犯罪被证实是白领类型的犯罪。结果对模型规格和内生性具有鲁棒性。此外，为了检验环境犯罪与教育之间的非单调性关系的稳健性，并控制未观察到的省域异质性，我们还利用了半参数固定效应模型。旨在正视环境犯罪的政策干预有很大的提高效率的空间。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

International Criminal Justice Review CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

4.50

自引率

6.20%

发文量

期刊介绍： International Criminal Justice Review is a scholarly journal dedicated to presenting system wide trends and problems on crime and justice throughout the world. Articles may focus on a single country or compare issues affecting two or more countries. Both qualitative and quantitative pieces are encouraged, providing they adhere to standards of quality scholarship. Manuscripts may emphasize either contemporary or historical topics. As a peer-reviewed journal, we encourage the submission of articles, research notes, and commentaries that focus on crime and broadly defined justice-related topics in an international and/or comparative context.