Modeling of sustainable agricultural land use on the basis of agroecological assessment of the territory

Abstract

The purpose of the study: to create a model of sustainable agricultural land use on the example of an existing agricultural organization in the Altai Кrai based on a comprehensive agro-ecological analysis of the territory. Research methods: A systematic approach and its variation, agroecological analysis, has become the main method of this scientific research. Spatial studies were carried out using the cartographic method. The obtained sets of analytical data were processed using GIS technologies. We also used the method of scientific abstraction, methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction. Research results. The area of the study area is more than 13.4 thousand hectares, among which arable land, hayfields and pastures predominate, which are everywhere to some extent subject to degradation processes. In general, the study area is typical for the subzone of the southern forest-steppe of the Altai Krai, so the results and models can be applied to the territories of the Russian Federation and the Republic of Kazakhstan that are similar in natural and economic terms. When analyzing the on-farm use of agricultural land, it was found that environmental stability depends on the degree of plowing, forest cover, the ratio of the main lands (arable land, meadow, forest plantations) and the calculated coefficients of environmental stability and anthropogenic load. It has been determined that the territory occupied by agricultural land and agricultural land is unstable and is subject to an average anthropogenic load. The author’s methodology for assessing the agro-ecological characteristics of agricultural lands used in the work made it possible to identify and typify the studied lands, compile unique digital maps of types of terrain, tracts, lands, and develop models for the transformation of agricultural lands, which made it possible to increase the sustainability of agricultural land use to a state of unstable stability. When modeling the landscape, the main task was to recreate the natural diversity and the mosaic pattern of land placement, which makes it possible to balance the material and energy processes occurring in the landscape. Conclusions: 1. An agroecological assessment of agricultural land of an agricultural organization in the Altai Krai was carried out. 2. Unique map-schemes of types of terrain, tracts, lands, study area were compiled, limiting factors and conditions affecting it were determined. 3. Modeled options for the transformation of agricultural landscapes, which contributed to a change in its sustainability, which is confirmed by the calculated indicators of the coefficients of environmental stability and anthropogenic load of the territory. 4. The results of the study can be applied in: organizing the territory of agricultural land use; designing land use systems; long-term planning and management of land resources, monitoring and cadastral valuation of land.