Depositional architecture and sequence stratigraphic framework of the fluvio-lacustrine Ash Shumaysi Formation, Jeddah-Makkah Region, Saudi Arabia: Implications for climatic and tectonic changes in a local-scale sub-basin

IF 1.9 3区 地球科学 Q1 GEOLOGY
Faisal A. Alqahtani, Murad R. Abdulfarraj, Hamdalla A. Wanas
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

This study aims to interpret and document the depositional architecture styles and sequence stratigraphic framework of the Ash Shumaysi Formation in the Jeddah-Makkah region, the west-central part of Saudi Arabia, and presents an example of rarely discussed, local-scale sub-basins (half grabens). It also shows the relationships between synchronous sedimentary processes and pre, syn and post-rift conditions. The described lithofacies and their facies associations indicate the presence of seven architectural depositional styles: proximal-distal braided fluvial, meandering fluvial (point bar), crevasse splay, floodplain, estuarine and lacustrine. A proposed depositional model for the Ash Shumaysi Formation is drawn. The Ash Shumaysi Formation forms a second order depositional sequence, which is organised into two third order depositional sequences (sequences I and II) bounded by three sequence boundaries. Each third-order sequence encloses the low accommodation systems tract and high accommodation systems tract. The low accommodation systems tract represents the coarse-grained, braided-distal fluvial facies developed during low accommodation space associated with high sediment supply (high discharge). The high accommodation systems tract encloses the fine-grained deposits of point bar, estuarine and lacustrine facies that reflect the creation of significant accommodation space and low sediment supply (low discharge). Vertical and lateral variations of the inferred depositional architectural styles, sequences and systems tracts reflect that tectonic forces and climate are the main controlling factors during deposition of the Ash Shumaysi Formation, although base-level changes in response to sea-level changes cannot be ruled out.

Abstract Image

沙特阿拉伯吉达-麦加地区河流-湖泊Ash Shumaysi组沉积构型和层序地层格架:对局域次盆地气候和构造变化的启示
本研究旨在解释和记录沙特阿拉伯西部-中部吉达-麦加地区Ash Shumaysi组的沉积建筑样式和层序地层格架,并提出了一个很少被讨论的局部尺度次盆地(半地陷)的例子,以及同步沉积过程与裂谷前、裂谷同步和裂谷后条件之间的关系。所描述的岩相及其相组合表明存在7种建筑沉积风格:近端-远端辫状河、曲流河(点坝)、裂缝展展、漫滩、河口和湖泊。提出了一种Ash Shumaysi组沉积模型。Ash Shumaysi组为一个二级沉积层序,由3个层序边界划分为两个三级沉积层序(层序I和层序II)。每个三阶序列包含低可容纳系统域和高可容纳系统域。低可容度体系域代表粗粒状、辫状远端河流相,发育于低可容度空间,伴有高泥沙供给(高流量)。高可容纳体系带包围了细粒砂坝、河口相和湖相沉积,反映了显著的可容纳空间和低沉积物供应(低排放)的形成。推断的沉积构造样式、层序和体系域的垂直和横向变化反映了构造力和气候是Ash Shumaysi组沉积的主要控制因素,尽管不能排除海平面变化对基准面变化的响应。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
16.70%
发文量
42
审稿时长
16 weeks
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