Current Management and Treatment for Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

The incidence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is rising in many parts of the world and primary care providers are poised to be the first point of contact for these patients. The optimal management of patients with CKD include early detection, cause identification, CKD progression retardation (including dietary support, blood pressure control, drug therapeutics), management of comorbid conditions, acute kidney injury prevention, and knowing when to refer for specialist care. In general, the concept of CKD progression retardation involves patient education on topics such as lifestyle modification measures, e.g., diet, to reduce burden on the kidneys and use of medications that can confer renoprotection while causing little if any side effects. The advent of SGLT2 inhibitors, nonsteroidal mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists, and new potassium binders provides our patients with new hope to further lengthen the time to end-stage kidney failure. It is therefore necessary that stakeholders involved in the care of patients with CKD understand the latest evidence to optimise care and patient wellbeing.