Relationship between urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure and BMI in young adults

Abstract

Introduction: the daily urinary excretion of sodium (Natriuria) reflects the consumption of salt in the diet and this has been already related from the Anglo-Saxon literature with arterial hypertension; and more recently with metabolic alterations such as overweight and obesity; therefore it is deduced that it would be a relevance determinant in the study of cardic-brain-vascular diseases. Objectives: to determine the relationship between urinary sodium excretion, blood pressure and BMI in young adults of the “Hospital Nacional de Itauguá”. Material and methods: prospective, descriptive, observational study with analytical components carried out in adults-young inpatients and staff of the Medical Clinic service of the “Hospital Nacional” in 2018. Results: the average age was 35 ± 11 years. Female patients predominated (62%). The incidence of arterial hypertension was 66%, overweight was observed in 40% and obesity in 30%. The average of Natriuria was 8.8gr / day (SD: ± 0.8 g / day) that would correspond to the daily salt content in the diet of the individuals studied and its correlation with both systolic blood pressures (r = 0.34) as diastolic (r = 0.34) and the BMI (r = 0.60) yielded positive data with p <0.01. Conclusion: the consumption of salt was almost double that recommended and varied slightly with the last report made in our country and with Rev. Nac. (Itauguá) 2019;11(1):39-55 10.18004/rdn2019.0011.01.039-055 neighboring countries. A positive relationship between high salt intake and exposed clinical parameters was demonstrated, the same correlation was seen both for systolic and diastolic pressures and a higher relationship with BMI, presenting a trend line that supposes a higher BMI higher natriuria and consequently higher blood pressure.