Indicators of peat soil degradation in the Biebrza valley, Poland
Q4 Environmental Science
J. Sienkiewicz, G. Porębska, A. Ostrowska, D. Gozdowski
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Abstract
Abstract Peat mineralisation leads to net loss of CO2 to the atmosphere, as well as to release of other elements from the decomposed soil organic matter (SOM) to groundwater. This results in the degradation of peat soils and the ecosystems they support. Here we evaluated the practical indicatory suitability of the existing and proposed new indices for the assessment of peat soil degradation in the Biebrza river valley encompassing, unique on European scale, peatland ecosystems. We studied relationships between soil organic carbon (SOC) and total nitrogen (Ntot), dissolved organic carbon (DOC) and dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) in a series of degraded peat soils in the Biebrza valley. Samples were taken from soils developed on peat deposits that varied in thickness and the degree of peat decomposition, from undegraded to highly mineralised peats. The relationships between changes in the SOC content and changes in the values of the remaining variables (SOM, Ntot, DOC, DON, C/N ratio), were statistically tested. Linear and non-linear regressions were used to establish the relationships amongst the variables examined. The losses of soil C and N occur independently and differ between stages of peat soil mineralisation. From our study, it results that the peat mineralisation intensity may be estimated based on the loss of SOC. We found that 1% loss of SOC corresponded to 1.028% loss of SOM, regardless of the degree of peat soil mineralisation, whereas SOM solubility, measured by the content of DOC, varied based on the intensity of peat soil mineralisation. The content of DOC decreased with the decrease in the SOC content, whereas the DOC/ SOC ratio increased depending on the intensity of peat decomposition. The C/N ratio is not a reliable indicator of peat mineralisation, because its values are driven not only by the nitrogen natively present in peat soils but also by nitrogen from external sources. The contents of SOC and Ntot did not decrease uniformly during peat decomposition because C and N show various mobility in the processes of SOM mineralisation. We found that the DOC/SOC ratio was most indicative of peat soil mineralisation intensity. © IOŚ-PIB
波兰Biebrza山谷泥炭土壤退化指标
摘要泥炭矿化导致大气中二氧化碳的净损失,以及分解土壤有机质(SOM)中其他元素释放到地下水中。这导致泥炭土及其所支持的生态系统的退化。在这里,我们评估了现有和拟议的新指标在评估Biebrza河谷泥炭土退化方面的实际指标适用性,该流域包括欧洲范围内独特的泥炭地生态系统。我们研究了Biebrza山谷一系列退化泥炭土中土壤有机碳(SOC)与总氮(Ntot)、溶解有机碳(DOC)和溶解有机氮(DON)的关系。样品取自泥炭沉积物上形成的土壤,泥炭沉积物的厚度和泥炭分解程度各不相同,从未分级到高度矿化的泥炭。对SOC含量变化与其余变量(SOM、Ntot、DOC、DON、C/N比)值变化之间的关系进行了统计检验。使用线性和非线性回归来建立所检查变量之间的关系。土壤C和N的损失是独立发生的,并且在泥炭土矿化的不同阶段有所不同。根据我们的研究,泥炭矿化强度可以根据SOC的损失来估计。我们发现,无论泥炭土矿化程度如何,1%的SOC损失相当于1.028%的SOM损失,而通过DOC含量测量的SOM溶解度根据泥炭土矿化强度而变化。DOC含量随SOC含量的降低而降低,而DOC/SOC比值随泥炭分解强度的增加而增加。C/N比不是泥炭矿化的可靠指标,因为其值不仅受泥炭土中天然氮的驱动,还受外部来源氮的驱动。在泥炭分解过程中,SOC和Ntot的含量并没有均匀下降,因为C和N在SOM矿化过程中表现出不同的迁移性。我们发现DOC/SOC比率最能反映泥炭土矿化强度。©IOš-PIB
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