Joanna A. Ciesielska, R. Stark, Artur Obłuski, N. Boivin, Mary Lucas, P. L. le Roux, P. Roberts
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
The archaeological site of Ghazali (northern Sudan) provides a rare opportunity to investigate the dynamics of mixed economies and mobility on the fringes on the Nile valley at the time of Christian expansion in Nubia. Thanks to its particular hydrological conditions, Sudan has a long history of diverse groups pursuing different economic activities, with agricultural communities settled along the fertile Nile valley and various mobile pastoralists groups occupying vast areas of the adjacent deserts. Ghazali represents an early medieval Nubian rural site with an extensive funerary zone. Somewhat removed from the Nile valley, Ghazali extends along the western bank of a large wadi, Wadi Abu Dom, running across the Bayuda desert, dated ca. 7th–13th century CE. Multi-isotopic analysis of human tooth enamel from Cemeteries 1, 3, and 4 was used to explore patterns of mobility among these communities. Ten enamel samples were subjected to 87Sr/86Sr analysis, while 24 individuals were studied for their δ18O values. 87Sr/86Sr and δ18O values were very heterogeneous, suggesting that the Ghazali community, as a whole, benefited from a variety of water sources, perhaps including significant contributions from groundwater wells. We suggest that this adds further support for the reconstruction of a mixed practice of agriculture and animal herding in the neighbouring Bayuda desert. These data add to growing evidence for diverse and flexible mixed economies in eastern Africa that provided food security even under the most challenging of conditions.
Ghazali(苏丹北部)的考古遗址为研究努比亚基督教扩张时期尼罗河谷边缘地区混合经济和流动性的动态提供了难得的机会。由于其特殊的水文条件,苏丹有着悠久的历史,不同的群体从事不同的经济活动,农业社区沿着肥沃的尼罗河谷定居,各种流动的牧民群体占据了邻近沙漠的大片地区。Ghazali代表了中世纪早期努比亚的乡村遗址,拥有广泛的丧葬区。Ghazali在某种程度上远离尼罗河谷,沿着一条大瓦迪阿布多姆(wadi Abu Dom)的西岸延伸,这条瓦迪横跨巴尤达沙漠,可追溯到公元7 - 13世纪。对1号、3号和4号墓地的人类牙釉质进行多同位素分析,探讨这些社区之间的迁移模式。对10个牙釉质样品进行了87Sr/86Sr分析,并对24个个体进行了δ18O值测定。87Sr/86Sr和δ18O值非常不均匀,表明Ghazali群落整体上受益于多种水源,其中可能包括地下水井的重要贡献。我们认为,这进一步支持了在邻近的巴尤达沙漠重建农业和畜牧业的混合实践。这些数据进一步证明,东非多样化和灵活的混合经济即使在最具挑战性的条件下也能提供粮食安全。
期刊介绍:
Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance.
Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.