Ideology, Polarization, and News Culture: The Secular-Islamist Tension in Turkish Journalism

IF 4.1 1区 社会学 Q1 COMMUNICATION
Ozan Aşık
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Abstract

What role does political ideology play in the production of news in a contentious cultural context? To address this question, this article investigates how Turkish Islamic conservative journalists produced and circulated representations of two dramatic uprisings in 2013: the Gezi Park protests in Turkey and the military coup in Egypt. I chose these two cases because the Islamic political bias and activism that shaped the production of news about these two events are symptomatic of the way in which Islamism as a political ideology instrumentalizes news making. Based on newsroom ethnography conducted at an Islamic national mainstream television channel in Turkey between 2011 and 2014, the article demonstrates how Islamism shapes the ways in which Islamic conservative journalists interpreted and articulated the two events in the newsroom, and represented them in news coverage. In this context, journalistic practice gains an ideological character when the journalists utilize journalistic representations as strategic instruments to advance the political agenda of Islamic conservatives against secular forces in Turkey. As the polarization between Islamic and secular groups is based on cultural distinctions, I argue that the political ideology determining journalistic practices is defined not only by party affiliations or socioeconomic class positions but also by the common cultural ways of living and thinking of journalists who work and live as members of a sociocultural group. Islamic ideology serves as a social cement that creates bonds among the IslamicTV journalists as a sociocultural group, and a degree of unity and common purpose in their professional practices.
意识形态、两极分化和新闻文化:土耳其新闻中的世俗-伊斯兰紧张关系
在有争议的文化背景下,政治意识形态在新闻制作中扮演什么角色?为了解决这个问题,本文调查了土耳其伊斯兰保守派记者如何制作和传播2013年两次戏剧性起义的报道:土耳其的格兹公园抗议活动和埃及的军事政变。我选择这两个案例是因为伊斯兰政治偏见和激进主义塑造了关于这两个事件的新闻制作,这是伊斯兰主义作为一种政治意识形态将新闻制作工具化的表现。本文基于2011年至2014年间在土耳其一家伊斯兰国家主流电视频道进行的新闻编辑室民族志,展示了伊斯兰主义如何塑造伊斯兰保守派记者在新闻编辑室解释和阐述这两个事件的方式,并在新闻报道中代表他们。在这种背景下,当记者利用新闻报道作为战略工具来推进伊斯兰保守派反对土耳其世俗势力的政治议程时,新闻实践就具有了意识形态特征。由于伊斯兰和世俗团体之间的两极分化是基于文化差异,我认为,决定新闻实践的政治意识形态不仅由党派或社会经济阶级立场来定义,还由作为社会文化团体成员工作和生活的记者的共同文化生活方式和思维方式来定义。伊斯兰意识形态是一种社会水泥,在伊斯兰电视台记者作为一个社会文化群体之间建立了联系,并在他们的职业实践中形成了一定程度的团结和共同目标。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
12.10
自引率
8.30%
发文量
61
期刊介绍: The International Journal of Press/Politics is an interdisciplinary journal for the analysis and discussion of the role of the press and politics in a globalized world. The Journal is interested in theoretical and empirical research on the linkages between the news media and political processes and actors. Special attention is given to the following subjects: the press and political institutions (e.g. the state, government, political parties, social movements, unions, interest groups, business), the politics of media coverage of social and cultural issues (e.g. race, language, health, environment, gender, nationhood, migration, labor), the dynamics and effects of political communication.
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