Is It Possible to Brew Non-Alcoholic Kombucha? Brazilian Scenario after Restrictive Legislation

IF 3.3 3区 农林科学 Q2 BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
Daniel Rossini, Cristina Bogsan
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Kombucha is a traditional fermented beverage produced via the fermentation of a sweetened Camellia sinensis infusion added to a symbiotic culture of bacteria and yeast (SCOBY). During fermentation, a high level of ethanol can be produced as a yeast metabolite that can reach values above the legal limits for non-alcoholic beverages. In 2021, Brazil made the world’s first kombucha-specific legislation to label beverages containing up to 0.50% ABV (alcohol by volume) as non-alcoholic. Headspace gas chromatography was used to quantify ethanol in 12 kombucha samples from different brands 12 months before and after the legislation was implemented. Before the legislation was implemented, 92% of the samples showed ethanol concentrations above 0.50% ABV, ranging from 0.47% to 3.56% ABV. One year later, an analysis of the same 12 kombucha brands showed that 67% of the samples were non-compliant with the new legislation, ranging from 0.10% to 2.40% ABV. The formation of ethanol during kombucha fermentation is a multivariate problem. Inoculum usually differs between sources, and the types and amounts of sugar and fruits, and the tea infusion percentage can also impact the final product. These parameters vary among producers. Some efforts to help kombucha producers achieve a more controlled and consistent production process are needed to ensure that commercially available kombuchas are properly non-alcoholic beverages and safe to consume.
有可能酿造出无酒精的康普茶吗?限制性立法后的巴西情景
康普茶是一种传统的发酵饮料,通过添加到细菌和酵母(SCOBY)共生培养物中的甜茶树冲剂发酵而成。在发酵过程中,作为酵母代谢物可以产生高水平的乙醇,其值可以超过非酒精饮料的法定限值。2021年,巴西制定了世界上第一个针对康普茶的立法,将ABV(按体积计算酒精含量)不超过0.50%的饮料列为非酒精饮料。采用顶空气相色谱法对12种不同品牌康普茶样品中的乙醇含量进行了定量分析。立法实施前,92%的样品乙醇浓度在0.50% ABV以上,范围从0.47%到3.56% ABV。一年后,对同样12个康普茶品牌的分析显示,67%的样品不符合新法规,ABV从0.10%到2.40%不等。康普茶发酵过程中乙醇的形成是一个多因素问题。接种量通常因来源、糖和水果的种类和数量而异,茶的浸泡百分比也会影响最终产品。这些参数因生产者而异。需要作出一些努力,帮助康普茶生产商实现更加控制和一致的生产过程,以确保市售康普茶是适当的无酒精饮料,可以安全消费。
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来源期刊
Fermentation-Basel
Fermentation-Basel BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY-
CiteScore
3.80
自引率
18.90%
发文量
594
审稿时长
7 weeks
期刊介绍:
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