Bladder cancer: what’s new in 2018–2019

IF 0.1 Q4 ONCOLOGY

Onkourologiya Pub Date : 2020-01-16 DOI:10.17650/1726-9776-2019-15-4-126-134

О. В. Karyakin

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

The review presents the results of the most important and interesting studies on diagnosis, epidemiology and treatment of bladder cancer within 2018–2019. Some regulations are based on the recommendations of the European Association of Urology, while others – on the results of mutual studies. As for treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, data of particular interest pertain to intravesical chemotherapy in case of to BCG resistance (Calmet–Guerin Bacillus) for therapeutic and prophylactic purposes. Response rate and number of adverse reactions are satisfactory and allow to hope for better results in future. The results of epidemiological studies on large populations showed that considering the disease pathogenesis it is necessary to take into account the presence of human hepatitis HBAb, as well as human papillomavirus type 6. As immunotherapeutic drugs are widely used in patients with oncological and urological diseases, their action is studied in patients with nonmuscleinvasive, locally advanced bladder cancer. The results showed the effectiveness of pembrolizumab when administered intravesically in BCG refractory cancer. The same drugs used in the neoadjuvant mode showed an increase of pT0 number after radical cystectomy. A comparative study of pembrolizumab and atesolizumab versus traditional chemotherapy showed their advantage in the frequency of complete regressions and survival rates to progression.

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膀胱癌症：2018-2019年的新进展

本文综述了2018-2019年膀胱癌诊断、流行病学和治疗方面最重要、最有趣的研究结果。一些规定是基于欧洲泌尿外科协会的建议，而另一些则是基于共同研究的结果。至于治疗非肌肉侵袭性膀胱癌，特别感兴趣的数据涉及在卡介苗耐药(卡介苗芽孢杆菌)的情况下进行膀胱内化疗，以达到治疗和预防目的。反应率和不良反应数量令人满意，并希望将来有更好的结果。对大量人群的流行病学研究结果表明，考虑到疾病的发病机制，有必要考虑到人乙型肝炎和人乳头瘤病毒6型的存在。由于免疫治疗药物广泛应用于肿瘤和泌尿系统疾病患者，因此研究了免疫治疗药物在非肌肉侵袭性局部晚期膀胱癌患者中的作用。结果显示，pembrolizumab在卡介苗难治性癌症中静脉给药是有效的。新辅助模式下使用的相同药物显示根治性膀胱切除术后pT0数增加。pembrolizumab和atesolizumab与传统化疗的比较研究显示，它们在完全消退的频率和进展存活率方面具有优势。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Onkourologiya ONCOLOGY-

CiteScore

0.40

自引率

0.00%

发文量

审稿时长

10 weeks

期刊介绍： The main objective of the journal "Cancer urology" is publishing up-to-date information about scientific clinical researches, diagnostics, treatment of oncologic urological diseases. The aim of the edition is to inform the experts on oncologic urology about achievements in this area, to build understanding of the necessary integrated interdisciplinary approach in therapy, alongside with urologists, combining efforts of doctors of various specialties (cardiologists, pediatricians, chemotherapeutists et al.), to contribute to raising the effectiveness of oncologic patients’ treatment.