Co-optation and Engaged Distance: Sufism, Politics and Society in Contemporary Syria and Morocco

Abstract

The Sufis mainly aspire to the immaterial sphere, but they cannot be simply regarded as indifferent to the fate of the human societies in which they live. In recent years, Sufism has been revaluated as a political subject in the Middle East. Although it has historically had relations with power, it lacks a united and coherent attitude towards politics. Research on two contemporary Sufi orders in Syria and Morocco shows how they have taken the chance to expand their networks, endeavour to fulfil their moral and educational mission, and exert their influence on society. Within favourable political circumstances, they have also gained state recognition as ‘good’ or ‘official’ Islam and confronted their historical opponents among the Salafīs and Islamist organisations.