Identification of bacterial populations and functional mechanisms potentially involved in biochar-facilitated antagonism of the soilborne pathogen Fusarium oxysoporum

IF 3.3 3区 生物学 Q2 MICROBIOLOGY
Barak Dror, Hildah Amutuhaire, O. Frenkel, E. Jurkevitch, E. Cytryn
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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Biochar soil amendment alleviates plant disease through microbial-mediated processes, but drivers facilitating this "biochar effect" are not fully understood. In this study, cucumbers were inoculated with and without the fungus Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-cucumerinum (FORC) in either biochar-amended or non-amended soils, and disease severity was assessed. Amplicon sequencing and shotgun metagenomics were then applied to identify bacteria and associated mechanisms potentially involved in pathogen inhibition, and candidate bacteria were tested for in-vitro FORC-antagonizing capacity. Biochar-amended plants showed lower FORC-associated growth stagnation compared with non-amended plants, supporting the "biochar effect". Their rhizosphere had a more diverse microbiome with higher levels of secondary metabolite-encoding biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs). Pseudonocardiaceae (Lentzea spp.) and Myxococcaceae were significantly more abundant in biochar-amended rhizospheres of FORC-inoculated plants, and metagenome assembled genomes (MAG) from these taxa contained enzymes involved in binding and degradation of chitin, and novel BGCs encoding secondary metabolites. Lentzea spp. isolates related to the above MAG showed in-vitro antagonistic activity against FORC. Collectively, we postulate that biochar amendment generates a "buffering effect" that reduces FORC-facilitated destabilization of the root-associated microbiome, maintaining beneficial taxa that produce antagonizing enzymes and secondary metabolites that sustain plant health.
生物炭对土壤病原镰刀菌拮抗作用的细菌种群鉴定及其功能机制
生物炭土壤改良剂通过微生物介导的过程缓解植物疾病,但促进这种“生物炭效应”的驱动因素尚不完全清楚。在本研究中,在生物炭改良或未改良的土壤中接种和不接种真菌尖孢镰刀菌(Fusarium oxysporum f.sp.radicis cucumerinum,FORC)的黄瓜,并评估疾病的严重程度。然后应用扩增子测序和鸟枪宏基因组学来鉴定可能参与病原体抑制的细菌和相关机制,并测试候选细菌的体外FORC拮抗能力。与未经改良的植物相比,经生物炭改良的植物表现出较低的与FORC相关的生长停滞,这支持了“生物炭效应”。它们的根际微生物组更加多样化,编码生物合成基因簇(BGCs)的次级代谢产物水平更高。Pseudonocardiaceae(Lentzea spp.)和粘球菌科在接种FORC的植物的生物炭改良根际中明显更丰富,这些分类群的宏基因组组装基因组(MAG)包含参与几丁质结合和降解的酶,以及编码次级代谢产物的新BGCs。与上述MAG相关的香菇菌株在体外表现出对FORC的拮抗活性。总之,我们假设生物炭改良剂产生了一种“缓冲效应”,可以减少FORC促进的根系相关微生物组的不稳定,维持产生拮抗酶的有益类群和维持植物健康的次级代谢产物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
6.80%
发文量
42
审稿时长
4 weeks
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