Survival Analysis of Time to Cardiovascular Disease Complication of Hypertensive Patients at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital in Bahir-Dar, Ethiopia: A Retrospective Cohort Study

Abstract

Background Cardiovascular disease complication is the timely issue throughout the world. Objective of the study The aim of this study is to analysis the major risk factors which lead to cardiovascular disease complication on hypertensive patients. Method A retrospective cohort study with One hundred and fifty-three hypertensive patients have been taken from a hospital record at Felege Hiwot Referral Hospital, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia, during 2012 to 2016. Kaplan-Meier and Cox proportional hazard models were applied. Result From long rank test result, Patients who were live in baseline cardiovascular disease significantly different from patients who hadn’t complication for a shorter cardiovascular disease complication time. From the Cox regression result, the chance of being infected with cardiovascular complication rise through 3.7%, when a single year increment of age (p value=0.0486). The possibility of a patient to develop cardiovascular disease who live in rural were 0.377 times lower than a patient who live in urban (P value=0.0275). The risk of developing cardiovascular complication in a short period of time was 8% and 6% depending on 10 MmHg increment of systolic and diastolic blood pressure respectively. Patients who had baseline complication were found to be associated with shorter survival time within their pain, that hazard ratio was 4.684 times than that of a patient who had not baseline complication(P value=0.0004). Conclusion From Cox proportional hazard model, there were five major factors that affect the cardiovascular disease complication time of hypertension patient those are; residence, baseline cardiovascular complication status, baseline diastolic blood pressure, baseline systolic blood pressure and baseline age at 5% significant level.