Accurate Measurements of the Gross Calorific Value of Methane by the Renewed GERG Calorimeter

IF 4.4 2区工程技术 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data Pub Date : 2019-12-30 DOI:10.1063/1.5110054

N. Kurzeja, R. Span

{"title":"Accurate Measurements of the Gross Calorific Value of Methane by the Renewed GERG Calorimeter","authors":"N. Kurzeja, R. Span","doi":"10.1063/1.5110054","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Due to the commercial transfer of billions of cubic meters of natural gases, the knowledge of the gross calorific value (GCV) of the main natural gas components and, in particular, of methane, is of outstanding interest. On the basis of previous work carried out by a Groupe Europeen de Recherches Gazieres (GERG)–Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt collaboration, the so-called GERG calorimeter was further developed on the hardware as well as on the software side. With the renewed GERG calorimeter, the GCV of CH4 could be determined with unprecedented precision and accuracy. Important elements for improving the measuring methodology of flame calorimetry included the in situ calibration of the mass of the burned gas, the determination of the actual exhaust gas temperatures, and the detection of the water input by countercurrent water absorption from ambient air. For the first time, it was possible to determine the GCV not only via direct online weighing of the mass of burned gas but also via the stoichiometric water balance with a consistency of about 3.5 ppm. Based on 27 weighings of the mass of burned gas, the real-gas GCV of methane is determined as Hs(CH4) = 890 202.1 J mol−1 with a confidence interval of ±52.6 J mol−1 (t95% = 2.056). This value is by ΔHs/Hs = (−0.0436 ± 0.0059)% below the real-gas GCV of Hs(CH4) = (890 590 ± 380) J mol−1 (k = 2) converted according to ISO 6976:2016. The difference can be explained by systematic influences as well as by failures in the stoichiometric water balance in all other measurements.Due to the commercial transfer of billions of cubic meters of natural gases, the knowledge of the gross calorific value (GCV) of the main natural gas components and, in particular, of methane, is of outstanding interest. On the basis of previous work carried out by a Groupe Europeen de Recherches Gazieres (GERG)–Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt collaboration, the so-called GERG calorimeter was further developed on the hardware as well as on the software side. With the renewed GERG calorimeter, the GCV of CH4 could be determined with unprecedented precision and accuracy. Important elements for improving the measuring methodology of flame calorimetry included the in situ calibration of the mass of the burned gas, the determination of the actual exhaust gas temperatures, and the detection of the water input by countercurrent water absorption from ambient air. For the first time, it was possible to determine the GCV not only via direct online weighing of the mass of burned gas but also via the stoichiome...","PeriodicalId":16783,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","volume":"48 1","pages":"043103"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4000,"publicationDate":"2019-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1063/1.5110054","citationCount":"6","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.5110054","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Abstract

Due to the commercial transfer of billions of cubic meters of natural gases, the knowledge of the gross calorific value (GCV) of the main natural gas components and, in particular, of methane, is of outstanding interest. On the basis of previous work carried out by a Groupe Europeen de Recherches Gazieres (GERG)–Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt collaboration, the so-called GERG calorimeter was further developed on the hardware as well as on the software side. With the renewed GERG calorimeter, the GCV of CH4 could be determined with unprecedented precision and accuracy. Important elements for improving the measuring methodology of flame calorimetry included the in situ calibration of the mass of the burned gas, the determination of the actual exhaust gas temperatures, and the detection of the water input by countercurrent water absorption from ambient air. For the first time, it was possible to determine the GCV not only via direct online weighing of the mass of burned gas but also via the stoichiometric water balance with a consistency of about 3.5 ppm. Based on 27 weighings of the mass of burned gas, the real-gas GCV of methane is determined as Hs(CH4) = 890 202.1 J mol−1 with a confidence interval of ±52.6 J mol−1 (t95% = 2.056). This value is by ΔHs/Hs = (−0.0436 ± 0.0059)% below the real-gas GCV of Hs(CH4) = (890 590 ± 380) J mol−1 (k = 2) converted according to ISO 6976:2016. The difference can be explained by systematic influences as well as by failures in the stoichiometric water balance in all other measurements.Due to the commercial transfer of billions of cubic meters of natural gases, the knowledge of the gross calorific value (GCV) of the main natural gas components and, in particular, of methane, is of outstanding interest. On the basis of previous work carried out by a Groupe Europeen de Recherches Gazieres (GERG)–Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt collaboration, the so-called GERG calorimeter was further developed on the hardware as well as on the software side. With the renewed GERG calorimeter, the GCV of CH4 could be determined with unprecedented precision and accuracy. Important elements for improving the measuring methodology of flame calorimetry included the in situ calibration of the mass of the burned gas, the determination of the actual exhaust gas temperatures, and the detection of the water input by countercurrent water absorption from ambient air. For the first time, it was possible to determine the GCV not only via direct online weighing of the mass of burned gas but also via the stoichiome...

查看原文本刊更多论文

用新型GERG热量计精确测量甲烷总热值

由于数十亿立方米天然气的商业转让，了解主要天然气成分的总热值（GCV），特别是甲烷的总热值，具有重要意义。在欧洲天然气研究小组（GERG）与德国联邦物理技术研究院合作开展的先前工作的基础上，在硬件和软件方面进一步开发了所谓的GERG量热计。使用更新的GERG量热计，可以以前所未有的精度和准确度测定CH4的GCV。改进火焰量热法测量方法的重要因素包括燃烧气体质量的现场校准、实际排气温度的确定以及通过从环境空气中逆流吸水来检测水输入。第一次，不仅可以通过燃烧气体质量的直接在线称重，还可以通过稠度约为3.5ppm的化学计量水平衡来确定GCV。根据燃烧气体质量的27次称重，甲烷的实际气体GCV确定为Hs（CH4）=890 202.1 J mol-1，置信区间为±52.6 J mol-1（t95%=2.056）。该值比Hs（CH4）=（890）的实际气体GCV低ΔHs/Hs=（−0.0436±0.0059）% 590±380）J mol−1（k=2），根据ISO 6976:2016换算。这种差异可以通过系统影响以及所有其他测量中化学计量水平衡的失败来解释。由于数十亿立方米天然气的商业转让，了解主要天然气成分的总热值（GCV），特别是甲烷的总热值，具有重要意义。在欧洲天然气研究小组（GERG）与德国联邦物理技术研究院合作开展的先前工作的基础上，在硬件和软件方面进一步开发了所谓的GERG量热计。使用更新的GERG量热计，可以以前所未有的精度和准确度测定CH4的GCV。改进火焰量热法测量方法的重要因素包括燃烧气体质量的现场校准、实际排气温度的确定以及通过从环境空气中逆流吸水来检测水输入。首次不仅可以通过直接在线称重燃烧气体的质量，还可以通过化学计量来确定GCV。。。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

6.90

自引率

11.60%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： The Journal of Physical and Chemical Reference Data (JPCRD) is published by AIP Publishing for the U.S. Department of Commerce National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). The journal provides critically evaluated physical and chemical property data, fully documented as to the original sources and the criteria used for evaluation, preferably with uncertainty analysis. Critical reviews may also be included if they document a reference database, review the data situation in a field, review reference-quality measurement techniques, or review data evaluation methods.