Brussels Sprout Cultivar Performance and Response to Apical Meristem Removal

IF 1 4区 农林科学 Q3 HORTICULTURE
Rebecca Grube Sideman, Caterina Roman, Elisabeth A. Hodgdon
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Abstract

We compared the performance of Brussels sprout (Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera) cultivars in New Hampshire and evaluated the effects of topping (apical meristem removal) on marketable yields. A total of 23 cultivars were evaluated in the study, with 8 to 16 cultivars evaluated in any given year. We identified several cultivars that produced moderate to high yields of well-spaced, uniform sprouts that had few Alternaria blight (Alternaria sp.) symptoms, and identified many others, including all red cultivars evaluated, that produced very low yields consistently. In 2013, 2014, and 2015, we used a replicated split-plot experimental design with cultivar as the main plot and topping treatment as the subplot, to evaluate the effects of topping plants. Early and midseason cultivars showed increased yields in response to topping, unless topping was performed too early. Cultivars with sprouts that did not reach marketable size within our growing season generally produced low yields, and topping had no effect on yields. To explore the effects of topping at different dates, we evaluated three cultivars on seven different topping dates plus an untopped control in 2015 and 2017. In addition to reducing stalk height by limiting late-season growth, topping affected marketable yields by affecting the number of sprouts that were either undersized or oversized. The ideal topping date window for minimizing defects and maximizing yields varied slightly for each cultivar, ranging from early to late September.
球芽甘蓝品种性能及对顶端分生组织去除的响应
本研究比较了美国新罕布什尔州的球芽甘蓝(Brassica oleracea var. gemmifera)品种的生产性能,并评估了打顶(顶端分生组织去除)对市场产量的影响。本研究共评价23个品种,每年评价8 ~ 16个品种。我们发现了几个品种,它们产生了中等到高的产量,间距均匀,几乎没有疫病(Alternaria sp.)症状,并且发现了许多其他品种,包括所有被评估的红色品种,它们始终产生非常低的产量。在2013年、2014年和2015年,采用以品种为主、打顶处理为副的重复分畦试验设计,评价了打顶植株的效果。除非过早打顶,否则早、中季品种对打顶的反应是增产的。在我们的生长季节,芽苗菜没有达到可销售大小的品种通常产量低,打顶对产量没有影响。为探讨不同采穗期的采穗效应,本研究在2015年和2017年对3个品种在7个不同采穗期加1个未采穗期对照进行了评价。除了通过限制晚季生长而降低茎高外,打顶还通过影响矮小或超大的芽的数量来影响可销售产量。减少缺陷和提高产量的理想抽穗日期窗口在9月初至9月底之间略有不同。
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来源期刊
Horttechnology
Horttechnology 农林科学-园艺
CiteScore
2.30
自引率
10.00%
发文量
67
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: HortTechnology serves as the primary outreach publication of the American Society for Horticultural Science. Its mission is to provide science-based information to professional horticulturists, practitioners, and educators; promote and encourage an interchange of ideas among scientists, educators, and professionals working in horticulture; and provide an opportunity for peer review of practical horticultural information.
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