Najnowsze dzieje języka polskiego (1918–2018)

Abstract

The latest history of the Polish language (1918–2018) consists of four phases (1918–1939, 1939–1945, 1945–1990, after 1990). In the area of extra-linguistic phenomena and sociolinguistic trends, the Polish language has evolved from the status of an elite language to a democratised code and from the double division of communication varieties (common language : dialects) to the triple division (common language : folk dialects : mixed codes). In the area of intra-linguistic phenomena, the trends of economisation and completion of linguistic devices dominated throughout the history, while preserving the uniform dynamics of other trends (unification, repartition, nobilitation). These processes and specific language changes have affected all structural layers of the Polish language system in a proportional manner, which proves the effectiveness of optimisation processes. Keywords: language history – latest history of the Polish language – Polish language evolution – language system – extra-linguistic factors – intra-linguistic factors – sociolinguistic trends – language system development trends.