La industria alimentaria en México: comportamiento y distribución geográfica durante 1999-2014

Abstract

Objective: Analyze the behavior of the food industry and its geographical distribution in the last four five-year periods (1999, 2004, 2009 and 2014), to observe the performance of the industry and within the most important food branches and their geographical distribution. Methodology: Data on gross domestic product (GDP), and exports and imports, as well as from the Economic Censuses were used to observe the general behavior of the industry and the most important branches with four variables: economic units, employed personnel, salaries employed personnel and gross census value added. Results: Variables such as exports and imports were also affected. In terms of geographical distribution, different patterns were observed according to the food branches, especially in the production of dairy products, soft drinks and the other food industries, increasing the importance in some states in the north of the country and maintained the presence in central and western states from Mexico. Limitations: The research is based on secondary information, with sectoral and census data, which allow the calculation of global indicators and the location coefficient. Conclusions: The food industry is related to the behavior of the Mexican economy and the links with the North American economy. The distribution of these branches in the country shows its expansion throughout the country, although production is concentrated in the northern and central states of the country. This has led to the high concentration of the processed food market.