Extrafloral nectaries in Nephelium lappaceum (Sapindaceae)

IF 1.1 4区生物学 Q3 PLANT SCIENCES

Botanical Sciences Pub Date : 2022-11-03 DOI:10.17129/botsci.3108

Hernán Villatoro-Moreno, Lislie Solís-Montero, R. González-Gómez, Susana Maza-Villalobos, Juan Cisneros-Hernández, A. Castillo-Vera

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Background: There is no previous evidence in the literature that documents the presence of extrafloral nectaries (EFNs) or the exomorphology of domatia in Nephelium lappaceum (rambutan), a fruit tree native to Malaysia introduced in various American countries. Question: It is the presence of EFNs responsible for the frequent visit of ants to young leaves of Nephelium lappaceum ? Study site and dates: This study was conducted in a commercial rambutan orchard in the town of Francisco I. Madero, municipality of Frontera Hidalgo (Chiapas, Mexico) during the period September 2020-February 2021. Methods: External morphology of EFNs and domatia were studied using scanning electron microscopy. Nectar sugar concentration produced by EFNs was determined by refractometry. EFNs location on the plant and the frequency of visiting ants were quantified by visual counting. Results: A description of the external morphology of EFNs and domatia, as well as their location on rambutan leaflets are presented. A volume of 0.3 ± 0.2 µL/EFN of a nectar (9.3 ± 0.6 °Bx) was collected each day. Ten species of ants feeding on the nectar excreted by the EFNs were identified. Conclusion: Evidence of the presence of NEFs on rambutan leaflets is presented, which have an external morphology and location different from that observed in domatia, producing a sweet nectar used as food by a large community of ants.

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无患子科（Sapindaceae）花外蜜腺

背景：以前的文献中没有证据证明在红毛丹（Nephelium lappaceum，红毛丹）中存在花外蜜腺（EFNs）或多马氏菌的外形态，红毛丁是一种原产于马来西亚的果树，在美国各个国家引进。问题：是EFN的存在导致了蚂蚁频繁造访拉普花的幼叶吗？研究地点和日期：这项研究于2020年9月至2021年2月在Frontera Hidalgo市（墨西哥恰帕斯州）Francisco I.Madero镇的一个商业红毛丹果园进行。方法：用扫描电镜观察埃夫纳和多沙氏菌的外观形态。通过折射法测定EFNs产生的蜜糖浓度。EFN在植物上的位置和来访蚂蚁的频率通过视觉计数进行量化。结果：描述了EFNs和domatia的外部形态，以及它们在红毛丹小叶上的位置。每天采集0.3±0.2µL/EFN的花蜜（9.3±0.6°Bx）。已鉴定出10种以EFN分泌的花蜜为食的蚂蚁。结论：有证据表明红毛丹小叶上存在NEFs，其外部形态和位置与在domatia中观察到的不同，产生了一种被大量蚂蚁用作食物的甜味花蜜。

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来源期刊

Botanical Sciences Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Plant Science

CiteScore

1.90

自引率

21.40%

发文量

审稿时长

16 weeks

期刊介绍： Botanical Sciences welcomes contributions that present original, previously unpublished results in Botany, including disciplines such as ecology and evolution, structure and function, systematics and taxonomy, in addition to other areas related to the study of plants. Research reviews are also accepted if they summarize recent advances in a subject, discipline, area, or developmental trend of botany; these should include an analytical, critical, and interpretative approach to a specific topic. Acceptance for reviews will be evaluated first by the Review Editor. Opinion Notes and Book Reviews are also published as long as a relevant contribution in the study of Botany is explained and supported.