Why are you strategizing? Response to "Eleven strategies for getting into graduate school in ecology & evolutionary biology"

IF 0.2 Q4 EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY
C. Dale
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

In his paper Eleven strategies for getting into graduate school in ecology & evolutionary biology, Walters (2018) offers some practical and well-considered advice for prospective graduate students, based on his 25 years of experience in academia. I agree with most of Walters’ suggestions, and I think his recommendations are valuable for any undergraduate who wants to continue his or her studies in biology. However, I would like to offer some complementary advice from a different perspective. As a recent PhD graduate in ecology and evolutionary biology, my advice would be to take a moment to think before you begin strategizing to get into grad school. Stop for a moment and seriously ask yourself this question: “Why do I want to go to grad school?” Many undergraduates consider a graduate degree a necessary step towards achieving the type of job they want. This may be true in some cases, particularly of a Master’s degree. Holding a Master’s may help your resume stand out to prospective employers, land you a higher starting salary, or allow you to rise faster through the ranks once employed (Murray 2017). However, getting a Master’s can also come with some disadvantages, since you are likely to have less actual experience when applying for a job—and perhaps inflated expectations for salary and responsibilities as well (Dehaas 2013). In fact, according to data from the National Household Survey, in 2011, Canadians 25 to 44 with a Master’s degree had a higher unemployment rate (5.7%) than those with Bachelor’s degrees (4.8%; Dehaas 2013). So the jury is still out on whether a Master’s degree enhances your job prospects. But even if it does, a PhD probably doesn’t. Most jobs don’t require a PhD, and having one may make you ‘overqualified’ for a position, at least in the eyes of those doing the hiring. The exception, of course, is the position of tenure-track university faculty member. But if that’s your intended path, the news isn’t great. Many—perhaps even most—students begin their PhD with the intention of pursuing a career in academia. However, the simple fact is that institutions are producing more PhD graduates than there are faculty positions available (Larson et al. 2014, Kolata 2016). In the U.S., for example, data collected by the National Science Foundation in 2011 indicates that only 9.4% of PhD graduates in the life sciences had secured academic jobs at graduation (Weissmann 2013). Ecology and evolutionary biology is no exception: like most other disciplines, the field of biology has “many more PhDs than academic posts” (Kolata 2016). For anyone pursuing—or even considering pursuing—a graduate degree in biology, these reports don’t make easy reading. To be honest, even though they aren’t telling me anything I don’t already know from personal experience, reading the grim facts makes me wince every time. But I would suggest it’s worth making yourself face these realities before launching into a PhD. It’s very easy at the beginning of your graduate studies to convince yourself that you will be in that small percentage that land their academic dream jobs. But the fact is, the majority of us will not. On top of that, there’s no denying that graduate school can be a tough road to walk. Financial stress, feelings of inadequacy, and social isolation are all part of the package. Unsurprisingly, this can lead to mental health issues. In fact, a recent study published in Nature Biotechnology found that graduate students are six times more likely than the general population to experience depression and anxiety (Evans et al. 2018). Despite all that, I’ll be honest: I don’t regret my decision to pursue a PhD. And that’s true even though I’m not a member of that lucky minority who have iee 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56
你为什么要制定战略?对“进入生态学和进化生物学研究生院的11个策略”的回应
Walters(2018)在他的论文《进入生态学和进化生物学研究生院的11个策略》中,根据他25年的学术经验,为未来的研究生提供了一些实用而深思熟虑的建议。我同意Walters的大部分建议,我认为他的建议对任何想继续学习生物学的本科生来说都是有价值的。然而,我想从不同的角度提供一些补充建议。作为一名刚刚从生态学和进化生物学专业毕业的博士,我的建议是,在你开始制定进入研究生院的策略之前,先花点时间思考一下。停下来认真地问自己这个问题:“我为什么想读研究生?”许多本科生认为研究生学位是获得他们想要的工作的必要步骤。这在某些情况下可能是正确的,尤其是硕士学位。拥有硕士学位可以帮助你的简历在未来的雇主中脱颖而出,让你获得更高的起薪,或者让你在就业后更快地晋升(Murray 2017)。然而,获得硕士学位也会带来一些缺点,因为你在申请工作时可能没有多少实际经验,而且可能对薪水和责任的期望也会过高(Dehaas 2013)。事实上,根据全国家庭调查(National Household Survey)的数据,2011年,拥有硕士学位的25至44岁加拿大人的失业率(5.7%)高于拥有学士学位的人(4.8%;Dehaas 2013)。因此,硕士学位是否能提高你的就业前景尚无定论。但即使有,博士学位也可能没有。大多数工作不需要博士学位,拥有博士学位可能会让你“大材小用”,至少在招聘人员看来是这样。当然,唯一的例外是大学的终身教职。但如果这是你想走的路,那这个消息可不太好。许多——也许是大多数——学生开始攻读博士学位的目的是在学术界谋求职业发展。然而,一个简单的事实是,大学培养的博士毕业生比现有的教师职位要多(Larson et al. 2014, Kolata 2016)。以美国为例,美国国家科学基金会2011年收集的数据表明,只有9.4%的生命科学博士毕业生在毕业时找到了学术工作(Weissmann 2013)。生态学和进化生物学也不例外:像大多数其他学科一样,生物学领域的“博士比学术职位多得多”(Kolata 2016)。对于正在攻读或正在考虑攻读生物学研究生学位的人来说,这些报告读起来并不容易。说实话,即使他们没有告诉我任何我从个人经历中已经知道的事情,但每次读到这些残酷的事实都会让我退缩。但我建议,在攻读博士学位之前,让自己面对这些现实是值得的。在研究生学习之初,你很容易说服自己,你会成为那一小部分人中的一员,找到他们理想的学术工作。但事实是,我们大多数人都不会。最重要的是,不可否认,研究生院可能是一条艰难的道路。经济压力、不足感和社会孤立感都是其中的一部分。不出所料,这会导致心理健康问题。事实上,最近发表在《自然生物技术》上的一项研究发现,研究生患抑郁症和焦虑症的可能性是普通人的六倍(Evans et al. 2018)。尽管如此,说实话:我并不后悔攻读博士学位的决定。这是真的,即使我不是那些幸运的少数人中的一员,他们有iee 12 34 56 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 53 54 55 56 56
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Ideas in Ecology and Evolution
Ideas in Ecology and Evolution EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY-
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