Analysis of correlation between the important Helicobacter pylori virulence genes (CagA, SabA and Oip) and gastric epithelial stem cells (LGR5) in patients with gastric disease

Abstract

Background: Gastric diseases are commonly caused by Helicobacter pylori, by colonizing the mucosa of the gastric epithelium in more than half of the population worldwide. It has the ability for adhering to gastric epithelium, with an important aspect of the pathogenicity of the microorganism facilitating the transport of certain proteins such as CagA, sialic acid-binding adhesion (SabA), and outer inflammatory protein (Oip) into that epithelium. The LGR5 are markers that were recognized as cancer stem cells marker that have prognostic value in some disorders such as gastric cancers (GCs), metaplasia, and inflammation of gastric mucosa. This study aimed for determining the association between expression of LGR5 in patients with gastric diseases and the presence of some virulence genes (CagA, SabA and Oip). Patients, Material and Methods: For the 140 patients enrolled H. pylori virulence factors including (CagA, SabA and Oip) was detected using Multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction, while LGR5 expressions were carried out via immunohistochemistry. Results: SabA and Oip was significant difference with gastric disease such as GC, gastric metaplasia and gastritis with and without H. pylori. While no significant difference Cag gene with gastric disease due to all patient have Cag gene. LGR5 stem cell marker expression has significant difference with GC and gastric metaplasia. Conclusion: There was a significant increase in H. pylori Ag (SabA and Oip) expression among patients with gastric disease compared to the apparently normal individuals this might be able to be that H. pylori as one of the risk factor for developing cancer. However, no significant between H. pylori Cag Ag expression among patients with gastric disease due to all the patients infected with H. pylori has Cag gene (100%). It is suggested that LGR5 may play an important role in gastric carcinoma formation and may be used as a potential marker for the progression in patients with gastric disease.