Impact of wind profiles on ground-generation airborne wind energy system performance

IF 3.6 Q3 GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Markus Sommerfeld, M. Dörenkämper, J. De Schutter, C. Crawford
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Abstract

Abstract. This study investigates the performance of pumping-mode ground-generation airborne wind energy systems (AWESs) by determining cyclical, feasible, power-optimal flight trajectories based on realistic vertical wind velocity profiles. These 10 min profiles, derived from mesoscale weather simulations at an offshore and an onshore site in Europe, are incorporated into an optimal control model that maximizes average cycle power by optimizing the trajectory. To reduce the computational cost, representative wind conditions are determined based on k-means clustering. The results describe the influence of wind speed magnitude and profile shape on the power, tether tension, tether reeling speed, and kite trajectory during a pumping cycle. The effect of mesoscale-simulated wind profiles on power curves is illustrated by comparing them to logarithmic wind profiles. Offshore, the results are in good agreement, while onshore power curves differ due to more frequent non-monotonic wind conditions. Results are references against a simplified quasi-steady-state model and wind turbine model. This study investigates how power curves based on mesoscale-simulated wind profiles are affected by the choice of reference height. Our data show that optimal operating heights are generally below 400 m with most AWESs operating at around 200 m.
风廓线对地面发电机载风能系统性能的影响
摘要本研究通过基于真实的垂直风速剖面确定周期性、可行的功率最优飞行轨迹,研究了泵送模式地面发电机载风能系统(AWES)的性能。这10 min剖面来自欧洲近海和陆上站点的中尺度天气模拟,被纳入最优控制模型,通过优化轨迹最大化平均循环功率。为了降低计算成本,基于k均值聚类来确定具有代表性的风况。结果描述了在泵送周期中,风速大小和剖面形状对功率、系绳张力、系绳卷绕速度和风筝轨迹的影响。通过与对数风廓线的比较,说明了中尺度模拟风廓线对功率曲线的影响。在海上,结果非常一致,而陆上功率曲线由于更频繁的非单调风况而不同。结果对简化的准稳态模型和风力涡轮机模型具有参考价值。本研究调查了基于中尺度模拟风廓线的功率曲线如何受到参考高度选择的影响。我们的数据显示,最佳操作高度通常低于400 m,大多数AWES的运行速度约为200 m。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Wind Energy Science
Wind Energy Science GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY-
CiteScore
6.90
自引率
27.50%
发文量
115
审稿时长
28 weeks
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