Diet Composition and Prey Preference of Tiger, Leopard, and Dhole in Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, Southern Western Ghats, India

IF 0.8 4区生物学 Q3 ZOOLOGY

Mammal Study Pub Date : 2022-05-02 DOI:10.3106/ms2020-0058

B. Krishnakumar, R. Nagarajan, K. Selvan

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Abstract. Comprehensive information on prey availability and diet composition is important to formulate effective conservation strategies. Data on these of large apex predators, the tiger Panthera tigris, leopard Panthera pardus, and dhole Cuon alpinus, are deficient in Kalakkad-Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve, India, which harbors low prey density. Therefore, we investigated how these predators coexisted by partitioning limited food resources. We found that prey selection and activity patterns differed among predators. The leopard (D [Jacobs' preference index] = +0.916) and dhole (D = +0.937) preferred the Indian chevrotain Moschiola indica, whereas the tiger preferred the gaur Bos gaurus (D = +0.937). Biomass of tiger's diet mainly consisted of the gaur (75%). In the dhole, the Indian chevrotain and sambar Rusa unicolor together contributed 91% of biomass, whereas 79% of leopard's biomass was contributed by the Nilgiri langur Semnopithecus johnii and the Indian chevrotain. The leopard and dhole had the highest dietary overlap (Ojk [Pianka Index] = 0.46). The highest activity overlap was found among the leopard, Indian chevrotain, and sambar. The leopard and dhole would compete for the Indian chevrotain, although the competition may be avoided by different activity patterns. Managements of the Indian chevrotain and gaur are critical for conserving large predators in the region.

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印度西高止山脉南部Kalakkad Mundanthurai老虎保护区虎、豹和Dhole的饮食组成和猎物偏好

摘要关于猎物可获得性和饮食组成的全面信息对于制定有效的保护策略至关重要。在猎物密度较低的印度Kalakkad Mundanthurai老虎保护区，大型顶级捕食者虎Panthera tigris、豹Panthera pardus和单桅帆船Cuon alpinus的数据不足。因此，我们研究了这些捕食者是如何通过分配有限的食物资源而共存的。我们发现捕食者对猎物的选择和活动模式各不相同。豹子（D[Jacobs偏好指数]=+0.916）和单桅帆船（D=+0.937）更喜欢印度山鸡（chevrotain Moschiola indica），而老虎更喜欢高耳Bos gaurus（D=+0.937）。老虎的日粮生物量主要由高耳组成（75%）。在单桅帆船中，印度的切夫罗坦和桑巴鲁萨单色共同贡献了91%的生物量，而豹子79%的生物量由Nilgiri叶猴Semnopithecus johnii和印度的切夫罗坦贡献。豹子和三角帆船的饮食重叠程度最高（Ojk[Pianka指数]=0.46）。豹子、印度雪花莲和桑巴的活动重叠程度最高。豹子和单桅帆船将争夺印度雪佛兰，尽管不同的活动模式可能会避免这种竞争。印度雪夫罗坦和高尔的管理对于保护该地区的大型捕食者至关重要。

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来源期刊

Mammal Study ZOOLOGY-

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

20.00%

发文量

审稿时长

>12 weeks

期刊介绍： Mammal Study is the official journal of the Mammal Society of Japan. It publishes original articles, short communications, and reviews on all aspects of mammalogy quarterly, written in English.