Effects of rapid growth on weight and blood pressure in small and appropriate for gestational age infants during preschool period

Q4 Medicine

中华围产医学杂志 Pub Date : 2019-11-16 DOI:10.3760/CMA.J.ISSN.1007-9408.2019.11.002

Nan Li, Tao Zhang, Y. Qiao, Enqing Liu, Ying Liang, Yue Wang, Hongyan Liu, R. Zheng

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Objective To investigate whether rapid weight gain in the first year of life was associated with incidence of overweight and higher blood pressure in small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) infants at preschool age. Methods From March 1, 2017 to June 30, 2018, a total of 12 150 children aged six years from 50 municipal kindergartens in Tianjin were enrolled in a cross-sectional survey. Their body weight, height and blood pressure were measured. Body length and weight at birth and one year of age were retrospectively collected. Rapid catch-up growth was defined as the difference of weight-for-height Z-score between one year old and at birth >0.67. The relationship between rapid growth with overweight and blood pressure in SGA and AGA infants at preschool age were analyzed using t test, analysis of variance and Chi-square test. Results At the age of six, children with rapid growth had a higher rate of overweight [28.6% (2 095/7 328) vs 17.5% (842/4 822), t=196.457, P<0.001], and higher systolic blood pressure [(99.4±10.0) vs (98.4±10.1) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa), t=29.260, P<0.001] and diastolic blood pressure [(60.0±7.7) vs (59.4±7.8) mmHg, t=16.079, P<0.001] compared with children without rapid growth. SGA children with rapid growth had higher body weight [(21.5±4.4) vs (19.2±3.7) kg, t=3.747, P<0.001], height [(117.4±5.5) vs (114.8±5.4) cm, t=3.557, P<0.001] and systolic blood pressure [(98.4±9.9) vs (95.6±11.2) mmHg, t=2.080, P=0.038] compared with those without. Comparing to AGA children, SGA children had lower overweight rate [17.5% (144/824) vs 24.7% (2 793/11 326), t=21.630, P<0.001] and systolic blood pressure [(98.2±10.0) vs (99.0±10.1) mmHg, t=2.431, P=0.015]. Among the AGA children with rapid growth, 29.8% (1 958/6 564) were overweight. Conclusions Rapid growth in infancy is associated with overweight and higher systolic blood pressure at preschool age. A proper weight gain should be emphasized for both SGA and AGA infants. Key words: Overweight; Blood pressure; Growth; Infant, small for gestational age; Child, preschool

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快速生长对学龄前小适龄儿体重和血压的影响

目的探讨出生后第一年体重快速增加是否与学龄前小于胎龄和适合胎龄婴儿超重和高血压的发生率有关。方法自2017年3月1日至2018年6月30日，对天津市50所市属幼儿园的12150名6岁幼儿进行横断面调查。测量了他们的体重、身高和血压。对出生时和一岁时的体长和体重进行回顾性收集。快速追赶生长被定义为一岁和出生时体重与身高Z评分的差异>0.67。采用t检验、方差分析和卡方检验对学龄前SGA和AGA婴儿的快速生长与超重与血压的关系进行了分析。结果与未快速生长的儿童相比，6岁时快速生长儿童的超重率较高[28.6%（2095/7328）vs 17.5%（842/4822），t=196.457，P<0.001]，收缩压较高[（99.4±10.0）vs（98.4±10.1）mmHg（1mmHg=0.133kPa），t=29.260，P<0.001]和舒张压较高[[（60.0±7.7）vs（59.4±7.8）mmHg，t=16.079，P<0.001]。生长迅速的SGA儿童的体重[（21.5±4.4）vs（19.2±3.7）kg，t=3.747，P<0.001]、身高[（117.4±5.5）vs（114.8±5.4）cm，t=3.557，P<0.001]和收缩压[（98.4±9.9）vs（95.6±11.2）mmHg，t=2.080，P=0.038]均高于未生长的儿童。与AGA儿童相比，SGA儿童的超重率较低[17.5%（144/824）vs 24.7%（2793/11 326），t=21.630，P=0.001]，收缩压较低[（98.2±10.0）vs（99.0±10.1）mmHg，t=2.431，P=0.015]。在生长迅速的AGA儿童中，29.8%（1958/6 564）超重。结论婴儿期的快速生长与超重和学龄前收缩压升高有关。SGA和AGA婴儿都应强调适当的体重增加。关键词：超重；血压；增长；婴儿，小于胎龄；儿童，学前班

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来源期刊

中华围产医学杂志 Medicine-Obstetrics and Gynecology

CiteScore

0.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

4446

期刊介绍： Chinese Journal of Perinatal Medicine was founded in May 1998. It is one of the journals of the Chinese Medical Association, which is supervised by the China Association for Science and Technology, sponsored by the Chinese Medical Association, and hosted by Peking University First Hospital. Perinatal medicine is a new discipline jointly studied by obstetrics and neonatology. The purpose of this journal is to "prenatal and postnatal care, improve the quality of the newborn population, and ensure the safety and health of mothers and infants". It reflects the new theories, new technologies, and new progress in perinatal medicine in related disciplines such as basic, clinical and preventive medicine, genetics, and sociology. It aims to provide a window and platform for academic exchanges, information transmission, and understanding of the development trends of domestic and foreign perinatal medicine for the majority of perinatal medicine workers in my country.