The endometrium as a source of mesenchymal stem cells in domestic animals and possible applications in veterinary medicine

IF 0.2 4区 农林科学 Q2 Veterinary
Ana G. Serrato López, J. Montesinos, S. Arce
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引用次数: 4

Abstract

Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN: 2448-6760 Cite this as: Serrato Lopez AG, Montesinos Montesinos JJ, Anzaldua Arce SR. The endometrium as a source of mesenchymal stem cells in domestic animals and possible applications in veterinary medicine. Veterinaria Mexico OA. 2017;4(3). doi: 10.21753/vmoa.4.3.441 . Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been isolated from the endometrium of humans, mice, cows, pigs and ewes. Typically, these cells are detected in the deep regions of the endometrium, closer to the union with the myometrium. MSCs possess characteristics such as clonogenicity and multipotentiality since they can differentiate in vitro into adipogenic, chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages. These cells can be induced to differentiate in vitro not only into the mesodermal lineage but also into the endodermal and ectodermal lineages. Therefore, MSCs show a great regenerative capacity for various organs and tissues, including the endometrium. Some advantages of endometrial MSCs compared with other MSC sources are their immune modulating activity, their ease of obtainment, and the amount of sample that may be collected. The study of endometrial MSCs in domestic animals is a new and promising field because increasing our understanding of the physiology and biology of these cells may lead to a better understanding of the physiopathology of reproductive diseases, and the development of treatment methods for infertility problems. In other veterinary medicine fields, MSCs can be used for the treatment of autoimmune diseases, cardiac affections, musculoskeletal and articular lesions, muscle degeneration, type 1 diabetes, urinary tract diseases, neurodegenerative processes and tumours. Finally, MSCs are also an important clinical tool for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The aim of this review is to present an updated outlook of the knowledge regarding endometrial MSCs and their possible applications in veterinary medicine. Figure 1: Immunoregulatory ability of MSCs. MSCs regulate the functions of NK cells, dendritic cells (DC) and T lymphocytes. The immunosuppressive effect may occur through the secretion of different factors or through cellular contact (black arrows). The former pathway involves TGFs, HGF, IL-10, PGE2, and HLA-G5, whereas the latter pathway involves the products of IDO enzyme activity, PD-L1, HLA-G1, ICAM-I and VCAM-I. Pro-inflammatory cytokines (IFN-?) secreted by NK cells and activated T lymphocytes favour the immunoregulatory activity of MSCs (dotted lines), because they increase or induce the secretion of molecules that regulate the functions of the distinct cellular components of the immune system. Modified from Montesinos et al, and Ma et al. 19,66
子宫内膜作为家畜间充质干细胞的来源及其在兽医学中的可能应用
Veterinaria Mexico OA ISSN:2448-6760引用如下:Serrato Lopez AG,Montesinos Montesinos JJ,Anzaldua Arce SR。子宫内膜作为家畜间充质干细胞的来源,在兽医学中的可能应用。兽医墨西哥OA。2017年;4(3)。doi:10.21753/vmoa.4.3.441.从人类、小鼠、奶牛、猪和母羊的子宫内膜中分离出间充质干细胞。通常,这些细胞在子宫内膜的深层区域检测到,更靠近与子宫肌层的结合。MSCs具有克隆性和多能性等特征,因为它们可以在体外分化为成脂肪、成软骨和成骨谱系。这些细胞不仅可以在体外诱导分化为中胚层谱系,还可以分化为内胚层和外胚层谱系。因此,间充质干细胞对包括子宫内膜在内的各种器官和组织表现出强大的再生能力。与其他MSC来源相比,子宫内膜MSC的一些优势在于其免疫调节活性、易于获得以及可收集的样本量。在家畜中研究子宫内膜间充质干细胞是一个新的和有前景的领域,因为增加我们对这些细胞的生理学和生物学的了解可能会更好地了解生殖疾病的病理生理学,并开发不孕问题的治疗方法。在其他兽医领域,MSCs可用于治疗自身免疫性疾病、心脏病、肌肉骨骼和关节病变、肌肉变性、1型糖尿病、尿路疾病、神经退行性过程和肿瘤。最后,间充质干细胞也是组织工程和再生医学的重要临床工具。这篇综述的目的是对子宫内膜间充质干细胞及其在兽医学中的可能应用的最新认识进行展望。图1:MSCs的免疫调节能力。MSCs调节NK细胞、树突状细胞(DC)和T淋巴细胞的功能。免疫抑制作用可能通过分泌不同的因子或通过细胞接触发生(黑色箭头)。前者途径涉及TGFs、HGF、IL-10、PGE2和HLA-G5,而后者途径涉及IDO酶活性、PD-L1、HLA-G1、ICAM-I和VCAM-I的产物。NK细胞和活化的T淋巴细胞分泌的促炎细胞因子(IFN-?)有利于MSC的免疫调节活性(虚线),因为它们增加或诱导调节免疫系统不同细胞成分功能的分子的分泌。修改自Montesinos等人和Ma等人19,66
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来源期刊
Veterinaria Mexico
Veterinaria Mexico VETERINARY SCIENCES-
自引率
0.00%
发文量
0
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Veterinaria México OA (ISSN 2448-6760) is an online scientific journal edited by Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). The journal is Open Access and follows UNAM''s initiative, to transmit knowledge free of charge to the readership and authors, with no Article Processing Charges. This journal publishes advances in Veterinary Sciences and Animal Production, and to reach more lectures across the world the journal was updated since 2014 from its predecessor printed in paper Veterinaria México (ISSN 0301-5092) and its digital version (ISSN 2007-5472).
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