Referendums and Direct Democracy

IF 1.2 4区社会学 Q3 POLITICAL SCIENCE

Political Science Pub Date : 2020-10-28 DOI:10.1093/obo/9780199756223-0323

M. Qvortrup

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Referendums have been defined as popular votes on bills before they become laws. However, referendums can also be held on existing laws or constitutions (as in the cases of the British referendum on membership in the European Union in 2016 or the Irish vote on abortion in 2017). In addition to these types, there are initiatives, defined as popular votes on laws proposed by the citizens, and plebiscites, which are votes by the whole population in authoritarian states. Scholars have sometimes disagreed as to the definition of referendums. Some have adopted the general umbrella term MDD (Mechanisms of Direct Democracy) to cover all these different types of institutionalized direct or semidirect democracy. But the word referendum has been used as the general signifier.

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公民投票与直接民主

公民投票被定义为在法案成为法律之前对其进行普选。然而，公民投票也可以根据现有法律或宪法进行（如2016年英国关于加入欧盟的公民投票或2017年爱尔兰关于堕胎的投票）。除了这些类型之外，还有倡议，即公民对法律提出的普选，以及公民投票，即威权国家全体人民的投票。学者们有时对公民投票的定义意见不一。一些人采用了一般的总括术语MDD（直接民主机制）来涵盖所有这些不同类型的制度化直接或半直接民主。但公民投票这个词已经被用作一般的象征。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Political Science POLITICAL SCIENCE-

CiteScore

0.90

自引率

0.00%

发文量

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