When heritage laws and environmental laws collide: Artisans, guilds and government support for traditional crafts in Tokyo

IF 0.3 0 ART
Robert Pontsioen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Abstract This article examines the legislative basis and operational effectiveness of the national and prefectural systems for designating and promoting traditional crafts in Tokyo. Traditional artisans participate in these systems primarily through their involvement in kumiai ('artisan guilds'), whose historical background and organizational structure are briefly summarized. To evaluate the usefulness of government support for contemporary craft practitioners, four broad and interrelated categories of kumiai activities are examined: promoting craft business, maintaining and enhancing craft skills and product quality, securing the future of craft traditions, and procuring craft materials. These goals are reflected in the frameworks of national and prefectural legislation that aims to support the efforts of kumiai. However, these goals and the resulting legislation have created a sustained discourse of tension palpably felt by many crafters themselves: the clash between laws designed to protect or promote 'traditional' crafts and other laws that aim to safeguard ecology or animal welfare. Examination of this tension as it is understood and discussed by artisans themselves reveals that, although the positive impact of traditional craft designation systems is widely recognized, it is also perceived that incompatible environmental protection laws can negatively affect their business and threaten the long-term sustainability of craft traditions.
当遗产法和环境法发生冲突:东京的工匠、行会和政府对传统手工艺的支持
摘要本文考察了东京传统工艺指定和推广的国家和地方制度的立法依据和运作效果。传统工匠主要通过参与“工匠行会”(kumiai)来参与这些系统,本文简要概述了kumiai的历史背景和组织结构。为了评估政府对当代手工艺从业者的支持是否有用,我们研究了四大类相互关联的手工艺活动:促进手工艺商业,保持和提高手工艺技能和产品质量,确保手工艺传统的未来,以及采购手工艺材料。这些目标反映在旨在支持kumiai努力的国家和地方立法框架中。然而,这些目标和由此产生的立法创造了许多工匠自己明显感受到的持续紧张的话语:旨在保护或促进“传统”手工艺的法律与旨在保护生态或动物福利的其他法律之间的冲突。工匠们对这种紧张关系的理解和讨论表明,尽管传统工艺标识系统的积极影响得到了广泛认可,但人们也认为,不相容的环境保护法律会对他们的业务产生负面影响,并威胁到工艺传统的长期可持续性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
1.00
自引率
25.00%
发文量
28
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