The Victimity of Subjects of Criminal Processes and the Prevention of Criminal Offenses against Them

IF 16.4 1区化学 Q1 CHEMISTRY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Accounts of Chemical Research Pub Date : 2023-04-01 DOI:10.14718/novumjus.2023.17.1.1

Huzela Mykhailo, Kolb Oleksandr, Tur Mykola, Vasyliuk Igor

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引用次数: 1

Abstract

The purpose of this article is to enhance the measures to prevent criminal offenses against participants in criminal proceedings by clarifying the determinants of victimhood, highlighting the relevant typical features of victims. It was found that the victimhood of participants in criminal proceedings is characterized by a combination of personal behavioral qualities and special status, which interact with external factors and may be manifested simultaneously in a complex fashion and with different interpretations. Victim-forming factors of participants in criminal proceedings are singled out—a set of socio-psychological and biophysiologicalproperties, behavioral attitudes and personal characteristics, and external conditions. To develop effectiveprevention measures, the main types of victims—participants in criminal proceedings—are identified: victimsinvolved in criminal proceedings (witness, victim, suspect (accused), defense counsel, legal representative, expert, specialist, etc.) and victims—professional participants in criminal proceedings (investigator, coroner,prosecutor, judge, expert). The essence of professional victimhood is determined, which can be characterized by the absence of provocative manifestations, and the identification of the participants in criminal proceedings by the authorities, which causes in a certain category of persons the desire to come into conflict with them.The factors that cause increased victimization are highlighted.

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刑事诉讼主体的被害人及其犯罪预防

本文的目的是通过澄清受害者的决定因素，突出受害者的相关典型特征，加强预防针对刑事诉讼参与者的刑事犯罪的措施。研究发现，刑事诉讼参与人的受害者身份具有个人行为品质和特殊地位的综合特征，这两者与外部因素相互作用，可能以复杂的方式同时表现出来，并有不同的解释。刑事诉讼参与者的受害者形成因素被单独列出——一系列社会心理和生物生理特性、行为态度和个人特征以及外部条件。为了制定有效的预防措施，确定了刑事诉讼参与者的主要类型：参与刑事诉讼的受害者（证人、受害者、嫌疑人（被告）、辩护律师、法律代表、专家、专家等）和受害者——刑事诉讼的专业参与者（调查员、验尸官、检察官、法官、专家）。职业受害者的本质是确定的，其特征可以是没有挑衅性的表现，以及当局确认刑事诉讼的参与者，这导致某些类别的人希望与他们发生冲突。强调了造成受害人数增加的因素。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Accounts of Chemical Research 化学-化学综合

CiteScore

31.40

自引率

1.10%

发文量

312

审稿时长

2 months

期刊介绍： Accounts of Chemical Research presents short, concise and critical articles offering easy-to-read overviews of basic research and applications in all areas of chemistry and biochemistry. These short reviews focus on research from the author’s own laboratory and are designed to teach the reader about a research project. In addition, Accounts of Chemical Research publishes commentaries that give an informed opinion on a current research problem. Special Issues online are devoted to a single topic of unusual activity and significance. Accounts of Chemical Research replaces the traditional article abstract with an article "Conspectus." These entries synopsize the research affording the reader a closer look at the content and significance of an article. Through this provision of a more detailed description of the article contents, the Conspectus enhances the article's discoverability by search engines and the exposure for the research.