Life of double minutes: generation, maintenance, and elimination.

IF 2.5 4区生物学 Q3 BIOCHEMISTRY & MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Chromosoma Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-04-30 DOI:10.1007/s00412-022-00773-4

Mila Ilić, Irene C Zaalberg, Jonne A Raaijmakers, René H Medema

引用次数: 0

Abstract

Advances in genome sequencing have revealed a type of extrachromosomal DNA, historically named double minutes (also referred to as ecDNA), to be common in a wide range of cancer types, but not in healthy tissues. These cancer-associated circular DNA molecules contain one or a few genes that are amplified when double minutes accumulate. Double minutes harbor oncogenes or drug resistance genes that contribute to tumor aggressiveness through copy number amplification in combination with favorable epigenetic properties. Unequal distribution of double minutes over daughter cells contributes to intratumoral heterogeneity, thereby increasing tumor adaptability. In this review, we discuss various models delineating the mechanism of generation of double minutes. Furthermore, we highlight how double minutes are maintained, how they evolve, and discuss possible mechanisms driving their elimination.

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双分钟寿命：生成、维护和消除

基因组测序技术的进步揭示了一种染色体外 DNA，历史上被命名为双分钟（也称为 ecDNA），常见于多种癌症类型中，但在健康组织中并不常见。这些与癌症相关的环状 DNA 分子含有一个或几个基因，当双分子累积时，这些基因就会被扩增。双分携带癌基因或耐药基因，这些基因通过拷贝数扩增与有利的表观遗传特性相结合，导致肿瘤的侵袭性。双分钟在子细胞中的分布不均会导致瘤内异质性，从而增加肿瘤的适应性。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了描述双分钟生成机制的各种模型。此外，我们还强调了双分钟是如何维持的、它们是如何进化的，并讨论了消除双分钟的可能机制。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Chromosoma 生物-生化与分子生物学

CiteScore

3.30

自引率

6.20%

发文量

审稿时长

1 months

期刊介绍： Chromosoma publishes research and review articles on the functional organization of the eukaryotic cell nucleus, with a particular emphasis on the structure and dynamics of chromatin and chromosomes; the expression and replication of genomes; genome organization and evolution; the segregation of genomes during meiosis and mitosis; the function and dynamics of subnuclear compartments; the nuclear envelope and nucleocytoplasmic interactions, and more. The scope of Chromosoma encompasses genetic, biophysical, molecular and cell biological studies. Average time from receipt of contributions to first decision: 22 days Publishes research and review articles on the functional organization of the eukaryotic cell nucleus Topics include structure and dynamics of chromatin and chromosomes; the expression and replication of genomes; genome organization and evolution; the segregation of genomes during meiosis and mitosis and more Encompasses genetic, biophysical, molecular and cell biological studies.