HAK AKSES ATAS ENERGI BERSIH DAN TERJANGKAU SEBAGAI BENTUK PEMENUHAN HAK ATAS TEMPAT TINGGAL YANG LAYAK

E. Kusumawati, Sasmini Sasmini
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Abstract

Access to clean and affordable energy has become a persistent problem faced by countries worldwide. The peak increase in oil prices experienced in a few decades has made it difficult for the low incomes to access clean energy. At present, many people in rural areas still use wood as fuel for cooking. Indoor wood-burning activities might cause air pollution and triggers respiratory problems. Employing a conceptual approach, this article examines the debate on the concept of moral and legal right of the right to clean and affordable energy under international law. Moreover, it analyses the correlation and the importance of such right for the fulfilment of the right to adequate housing and how states adhere to it. The research finds that there is yet any legal instruments directly recognising the right to clean and affordable energy. Nevertheless, there is plenty recognition of the importance of energy as vital element for fulfilling other human rights, such as the right to adequate housing. It is found that states have recognised the utmost influence of energy on achieving economic and social goals. However, current state practices heavily depend on soft law and show their commitment to facilitate and fulfil the moral right to clean and affordable energy. Integrating human rights principles, norms, and standards into legal rights and policies on energy development plan are indeed crucial. Such integration will enable the recognition of energy as an entitlement, which will place energy as a precondition that must be provided as essential services to enable adequate life of inhabitants.
对通道和能源进行清洁和停止,以控制通道
获得清洁和负担得起的能源已成为世界各国面临的一个长期问题。几十年来油价的最高涨幅使低收入人群难以获得清洁能源。目前,许多农村地区的人仍然使用木材作为烹饪的燃料。室内燃烧木材的活动可能会造成空气污染并引发呼吸系统问题。本文采用概念方法,审查了国际法下关于清洁和负担得起的能源权的道德和法律权利概念的辩论。此外,它分析了这一权利对实现适足住房权的相关性和重要性,以及各国如何遵守这一权利。研究发现,目前还没有任何法律文书直接承认清洁和负担得起的能源权。尽管如此,人们充分认识到能源作为实现其他人权,例如适足住房权的重要因素的重要性。研究发现,各国已经认识到能源对实现经济和社会目标的最大影响。然而,目前的国家做法在很大程度上依赖于软法律,并表明他们致力于促进和实现清洁和负担得起的能源的道德权利。将人权原则、规范和标准纳入能源发展计划的法律权利和政策确实至关重要。这种一体化将使人们能够承认能源是一种权利,这将把能源作为一个先决条件,必须作为基本服务提供,以使居民能够过上适当的生活。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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