Problems of Legal Regulation of Organ Transplantation in Ukraine and EU

V. H. Galchynskyi, S. V. Galchynskyi
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Abstract

The article contains the analysis of Ukrainian and EU legislation in the sphere of anatomic material transplantation. In particular, the authors have conducted an analysis of the comprehension apparatus novels, the peculiarities of a unique donor and recipient coordination system, as well as the question of funding transplantation operations and the permission to conduct transplantation-related activities in Ukraine for healthcare and scientific institutions. The authors have thoroughly researched the issues of the rights and obligations of the transplant-coordinator, the constraint of sanctions in the Criminal Code of Ukraine in order to avert illegal anatomic material transplantation, the requirements to the «expungement database» and «transplantation center», the rights and social security of a living donor and the members of his/her family. The authors have also established that the legislation of the EU states demonstrates a divergence in applying the presumption of consent and presumption of non-consent on a posthumous donation; the EU legislation presupposes uniform requirements relating to the informational procedures for a transborder exchange of human organs, which are determined for transplantation between the EU states; the EU Directives have established the standards of quality and security of the organs within all the stages of transplantation, and the example for improving transplantology in the world is the «Spanish Model».
乌克兰和欧盟器官移植法律规制的问题
本文分析了乌克兰和欧盟在解剖材料移植领域的立法。特别是,作者分析了理解装置小说、独特的捐赠者和接受者协调系统的特点,以及资助移植手术和允许在乌克兰为医疗保健和科学机构进行移植相关活动的问题。作者深入研究了移植协调员的权利和义务、《乌克兰刑法典》中为避免非法解剖材料移植而实施的制裁约束、对“删除数据库”和“移植中心”的要求、活体捐赠者及其家人的权利和社会保障等问题。作者还证实,欧盟国家的立法表明,在对死后捐赠适用同意推定和不同意推定方面存在分歧;欧盟立法预先规定了与跨境人体器官交换信息程序有关的统一要求,这些信息程序是为欧盟国家之间的移植而确定的;欧盟指令确立了移植各个阶段器官的质量和安全标准,世界上改进移植学的例子是“西班牙模式”。
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