Status of the Epidemiological Surveillance Systems for Salt and Water Fluoridation Programs in Latin America and the Caribbean

Abstract

Background: Epidemiological Surveillance Systems are part of public policies to evaluate the impact of prevention interventions or the occurrence of related health events. In Dental Public Health has been valuable the surveillance systems to follow the fluoridation programs, the prevalence of caries or the fluorosis cases. Purpose: Identify and summarize published information regard the status of fluoridation programs and their epidemiological surveillance systems in Latin America and the Caribbean region. Methods: In this narrative literature review, articles searches in Medline and LILACS, in four languages, was carried out. Results: The authors included the analysis of 291 references published by government entities, international agencies, academic institutions and other sources, and summarizing the synthesis of all findings in two tracking matrices to contribute with new knowledge for policy making and program improvement through monitory systems. The results showed 11 active programs, 18 in uncertain status, and one country projecting a future program. Only six countries that started their fluoridation programs in the mid-eighties in the twentieth century have structured or strengthened a surveillance system for their fluoridation programs. Conclusions: The authors recommend a new stage of international accompaniment by several agencies to resume fluoridation programs in countries where structural, economic, or political factors affected the implementation or continuation of fluoridation programs in the 21st century.