Central nervous system relapse in multiple myeloma: An unusual complication

Abstract

Central nervous system involvement in multiple myeloma (MM) is rare and carries a very poor prognosis. We report the case of a 62-year-old man diagnosed with MM who received induction chemotherapy with bortezomib, cyclophosphamide, and dexamethasone and achieved very good partial response. He developed seizures and altered sensorium while on maintenance chemotherapy. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed leptomeningeal enhancement, and cerebrospinal fluid cytology was positive for plasma cells. His general condition worsened, and he died before starting any specific treatment.