Are Nonnutritive Sweeteners Obesogenic? Associations between Diet, Faecal Microbiota, and Short-Chain Fatty Acids in Morbidly Obese Subjects

IF 3.8 Q2 ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM

Journal of Obesity Pub Date : 2019-10-01 DOI:10.1155/2019/4608315

P. Farup, S. Lydersen, J. Valeur

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引用次数: 14

Abstract

Obesity has been associated with changes in the gut microbiota and its metabolites. The study explored changes in the faecal microbiota and short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) associated with the diet (including nonnutritive sweeteners (NNSs)) and evaluated metabolic consequences in subjects with morbid obesity. The diet was assessed with a validated food frequency questionnaire. One unit of NNSs was 100 mL beverage with NNSs or 2 tablets/teaspoons of NNSs. The faecal microbiota was assessed with GA-map® dysbiosis test and SCFA with gas chromatography and flame ionisation detection. Fourteen men and 75 women with a mean age of 44.6 (SD 8.7) years, BMI 41.8 (SD 3.6) kg/m2, and intake of NNSs 7.5 units/day (SD 3.2; range 0–43) were included. Faecal butyric acid was positively and negatively associated with the intake of starch (partial correlation = 0.264; p=0.015) and NNSs (partial correlation = −0.274; p=0.011), respectively. NNSs were associated with changes in four out of 39 bacterial groups. Butyric acid has antiobesogenic effects, reduces insulin resistance, and improves dyslipidaemia. Since the weight-reducing effect of NNSs on obese adults trying to lose weight is dubious, it seems imprudent to use NNSs that might counteract the favourable effects of butyric acid.

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非营养性甜味剂会导致肥胖吗?病态肥胖患者饮食、粪便微生物群和短链脂肪酸之间的关系

肥胖与肠道菌群及其代谢物的变化有关。该研究探讨了与饮食(包括非营养性甜味剂(NNSs))相关的粪便微生物群和短链脂肪酸(SCFA)的变化，并评估了病态肥胖受试者的代谢后果。通过有效的食物频率问卷对饮食进行评估。一个单位的NNSs是含有NNSs的100毫升饮料或2片/茶匙NNSs。采用GA-map®生态失调试验和SCFA气相色谱和火焰电离检测评估粪便微生物群。14名男性和75名女性，平均年龄44.6 (SD 8.7)岁，BMI 41.8 (SD 3.6) kg/m2, NNSs摄入量7.5单位/天(SD 3.2;范围0-43)。粪便丁酸与淀粉摄取量呈正相关和负相关(偏相关= 0.264;p=0.015)和NNSs(部分相关= - 0.274;分别p = 0.011)。NNSs与39个细菌群中的4个细菌群的变化有关。丁酸具有抗肥胖作用，降低胰岛素抵抗，改善血脂异常。由于NNSs对试图减肥的肥胖成年人的减肥效果尚不确定，因此使用可能抵消丁酸有利作用的NNSs似乎是不明智的。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Obesity ENDOCRINOLOGY & METABOLISM-

CiteScore

7.50

自引率

3.00%

发文量

审稿时长

21 weeks

期刊介绍： Journal of Obesity is a peer-reviewed, Open Access journal that provides a multidisciplinary forum for basic and clinical research as well as applied studies in the areas of adipocyte biology & physiology, lipid metabolism, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, paediatric obesity, genetics, behavioural epidemiology, nutrition & eating disorders, exercise & human physiology, weight control and health risks associated with obesity.