Electronic Cigarette Vapour and the Impacts on Oral Health: A Review

Abstract

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have been in demand among young generations as a modern way of smoking since last decade. E-cigarette devices generate the vapour through the heating process and the inhalation of vapour through the mouth which is known as vaping directly exposed the oral cavity to potentially toxic chemicals in the vapour. The e-cigarette vapour has been reported with potential systemic and oral health impacts though it is to a lesser extent than the conventional cigarette. The toxicity of the chemicals in e-cigarette vapour has been highlighted by various in-vitro studies and currently being explored by many researchers. Nicotine content in e-cigarette vapour not only causes addiction but has deleterious effects on the oral mucosa. E-cigarette vapour is commonly associated with oral health-related problems such as irritation to the oral mucosa, periodontal disease, and possibly the initiation of dental caries. As a marketing strategy, e-cigarette has been promoted as a safer way of smoking habit and use as a smoking cessation tools. Non-scientific assertions regarding e-cigarettes are causing public misunderstanding, leading people to assume that they are safe while the truth is yet unclear. This narrative review aims to emphasise the hazard of e-cigarette vapour and the outcome to oral health by summarising the evidence gathered from previous studies and the potential role of e-cigarette for smoking cessation aids considering the widespread usage of e-cigarettes and public concerns.