New Evidence for an Early Islamic Arabic Dialect in Eastern Arabia? The Qaṭrāyīth (“in Qatari”) Spoken in Beth Qaṭraye

IF 0.6 1区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI:10.1086/718562

Mario Kozah

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Abstract

71 Journal of Near Eastern Studies, volume 81, number 1, April 2022. © 2022 The University of Chicago. All rights reserved. Published by The University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/717786 The region known in the Syriac sources as “Beth Qaṭraye” includes not only the peninsula of Qatar, but also incorporates its hinterland of Yamāma and the entire coast of north-east Arabia as far as the peninsula of Musandam in present-day Oman, along with all the adjacent islands.1 Christianity must have reached Beth Qaṭraye no later than the fourth century ad. Evidence for this is that a certain Eliya, bishop of Mashmahig (possibly today’s Samahīj on Muḥarraq island), was present at the first East-Syriac Synod in SeleuciaCtesiphon (410), while another bishop of Mashmahig was deposed and excommunicated at the same synod. From the sixth century onwards, in addition to Mashmahig, there were bishops in Dayrin (possibly on Tārūt island), Mazūn (Oman region), Hagar (Hajr), and Ḥatta (al-Khaṭṭ). Initially, these bishops were under the control of the metropolitan of Rev Ardashir, in Fars, until Beth Qaṭraye obtained its own metropolitan, whose existence is attested only in 676.2 However, most of our information on Beth Qaṭraye pertains to the early Islamic period. An important example is the correspondence of Catholicos Ishoʿyahb III (Patriarch of the Church of the East, 649–59), which

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阿拉伯东部早期伊斯兰阿拉伯语方言的新证据？卡塔尔ṭrāyīth（“在卡塔尔语中”）用Beth Qa语口语ṭ雷

71《近东研究杂志》，第81卷，第1期，2022年4月。©2022芝加哥大学。保留所有权利。芝加哥大学出版社出版。https://doi.org/10.1086/717786该地区在叙利亚语中被称为“Beth Qa”ṭraye”不仅包括卡塔尔半岛，还包括其腹地Yamāma和阿拉伯东北部的整个海岸，直到今天阿曼的Musandam半岛，以及所有邻近的岛屿ṭraye不迟于公元四世纪。这方面的证据是，某个Eliya，Mashmahig的主教（可能是今天的Samahīj on Muḥ阿拉克岛），出席了塞琉西Ctesiphon的第一届东叙利亚会议（410年），而马什马希格的另一位主教在同一次会议上被废黜并逐出教会。从六世纪起，除了Mashmahig，Dayrin（可能在TārāT岛上）、Mazún（阿曼地区）、Hagar（Hajr）和Ḥ阿塔ṭṭ). 最初，这些主教由法尔斯的阿尔达希尔牧师（Rev Ardashir）控制，直到贝丝·卡（Beth Qa）ṭ雷获得了自己的大都会，其存在仅在676.2年得到证实。然而，我们关于贝丝·卡的大部分信息ṭ雷属于早期伊斯兰时期。一个重要的例子是Catholicos Ishoʿyahb III（东方教会牧首，649-59）的信件

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JOURNAL OF NEAR EASTERN STUDIES Multiple-

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1.20

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期刊介绍： Devoted to an examination of the civilizations of the Near East, the Journal of Near Eastern Studies has for 125 years published contributions from scholars of international reputation on the archaeology, art, history, languages, literatures, and religions of the Near East. Founded in 1884 as Hebraica, the journal was renamed twice over the course of the following century, each name change reflecting the growth and expansion of the fields covered by the publication. In 1895 it became the American Journal of Semitic Languages and Literatures, and in 1942 it received its present designation, the Journal of Near Eastern Studies. From an original emphasis on Old Testament studies in the nineteenth century.