Genus 0 Gopakumar–Vafa Invariants of the Banana Manifold

Abstract

The Banana manifold $X_{{\text{Ban}}}$ is a compact Calabi–Yau threefold constructed as the conifold resolution of the fiber product of a generic rational elliptic surface with itself, which was first studied by Bryan. We compute Katz’s genus 0 Gopakumar–Vafa invariants of fiber curve classes on the Banana manifold $X_{{\text{Ban}}}\to \mathbf{P} ^1$. The weak Jacobi form of weight −2 and index 1 is the associated generating function for these genus 0 Gopakumar–Vafa invariants. The invariants are shown to be an actual count of structure sheaves of certain possibly non-reduced genus 0 curves on the universal cover of the singular fibers of $X_{{\text{Ban}}}\to\mathbf{P}^1$.