The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora of Torres Vedras (Ne of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis of an Early Angiosperm Community

Q3 Earth and Planetary Sciences

Fossil Imprint Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI:10.2478/if-2019-0013

E. M. Friis, P. Crane, K. Pedersen

{"title":"The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora of Torres Vedras (Ne of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis of an Early Angiosperm Community","authors":"E. M. Friis, P. Crane, K. Pedersen","doi":"10.2478/if-2019-0013","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"Abstract An Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora is described from the lower part of the Almargem Formation (late Barremian-early Aptian) from Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal. The flora is the oldest mesofossil flora containing angiosperm remains to be described in detail based on well-preserved flower, fruit and seed remains. In addition to angiosperms, the mesofossil flora also includes megaspores, sporangia and tiny leaves of spore-bearing plants. There are also twigs, cone fragments and seeds of conifers and seeds assigned to the BEG group. In total about 100 species have been distinguished. Most abundant in terms of plant fragments identified, are spore-bearing plants and conifers. Although only about 18 % of the specimens can be attributed to angiosperms, angiosperm diversity is unexpected high considering the age of the flora. Angiosperms account for about 62 % of all species recognized. Angiosperm diversity is mainly at the level of ANA-grade angiosperms, eumagnoliids and in a few cases early diverging lineages of monocots. Eudicots are subordinate. Twenty new genera and 28 new species of angiosperms are established (Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. nov., Appofructus nudus gen. et sp. nov., Appomattoxia minuta sp. nov., Burgeria striata gen. et sp. nov., Canrightia elongata sp. nov., Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov., Dejaxia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov., Dinisia portugallica gen. et sp. nov., Eckhartia brevicolumella gen. et sp. nov., Eckhartia longicolumella sp. nov., Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov., Eckhartianthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov., Eckhartiopsis parva gen. et sp. nov., Gastonispermum antiquum sp. nov., Goczania rugosa gen. et sp. nov., Goczania inaequalis sp. nov., Goczania punctata sp. nov., Ibrahimia verminculata gen. et sp. nov., Juhaszia portugallica gen. et sp. nov., Kempia longicolpites gen. et sp. nov., Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov., Mcdougallia irregularis gen. et sp. nov., Nicholsia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov., Piercipollis simplex gen. et sp. nov., Reyanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov., Samylinaea punctata gen. et sp. nov., Teebacia hughesii gen. et sp. nov., Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov.). Comparison with results of a palynological study from the same horizon that yielded the mesofossil flora shows a marked underestimation of angiosperm diversity in the palynoflora, a pattern that has also been recognized elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":12431,"journal":{"name":"Fossil Imprint","volume":"75 1","pages":"153 - 257"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"16","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Fossil Imprint","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.2478/if-2019-0013","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Earth and Planetary Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 16

Abstract

Abstract An Early Cretaceous mesofossil flora is described from the lower part of the Almargem Formation (late Barremian-early Aptian) from Torres Vedras (NE of Forte da Forca), Portugal. The flora is the oldest mesofossil flora containing angiosperm remains to be described in detail based on well-preserved flower, fruit and seed remains. In addition to angiosperms, the mesofossil flora also includes megaspores, sporangia and tiny leaves of spore-bearing plants. There are also twigs, cone fragments and seeds of conifers and seeds assigned to the BEG group. In total about 100 species have been distinguished. Most abundant in terms of plant fragments identified, are spore-bearing plants and conifers. Although only about 18 % of the specimens can be attributed to angiosperms, angiosperm diversity is unexpected high considering the age of the flora. Angiosperms account for about 62 % of all species recognized. Angiosperm diversity is mainly at the level of ANA-grade angiosperms, eumagnoliids and in a few cases early diverging lineages of monocots. Eudicots are subordinate. Twenty new genera and 28 new species of angiosperms are established (Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. nov., Appofructus nudus gen. et sp. nov., Appomattoxia minuta sp. nov., Burgeria striata gen. et sp. nov., Canrightia elongata sp. nov., Choffaticarpus compactus gen. et sp. nov., Dejaxia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov., Dinisia portugallica gen. et sp. nov., Eckhartia brevicolumella gen. et sp. nov., Eckhartia longicolumella sp. nov., Eckhartia intermedia sp. nov., Eckhartianthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov., Eckhartiopsis parva gen. et sp. nov., Gastonispermum antiquum sp. nov., Goczania rugosa gen. et sp. nov., Goczania inaequalis sp. nov., Goczania punctata sp. nov., Ibrahimia verminculata gen. et sp. nov., Juhaszia portugallica gen. et sp. nov., Kempia longicolpites gen. et sp. nov., Kvacekispermum costatum sp. nov., Mcdougallia irregularis gen. et sp. nov., Nicholsia brevicolpites gen. et sp. nov., Piercipollis simplex gen. et sp. nov., Reyanthus lusitanicus gen. et sp. nov., Samylinaea punctata gen. et sp. nov., Teebacia hughesii gen. et sp. nov., Vedresia elliptica gen. et sp. nov.). Comparison with results of a palynological study from the same horizon that yielded the mesofossil flora shows a marked underestimation of angiosperm diversity in the palynoflora, a pattern that has also been recognized elsewhere.

查看原文本刊更多论文

葡萄牙Torres Vedras（Forte Da Forca的Ne）早白垩世中化石植物群：早期被子植物群落的古区系分析

摘要本文描述了葡萄牙Forte da Forca东北部Torres Vedras地区早白垩世Almargem组(barremian晚期- Aptian早期)下部的中化石区系。该植物群是包含被子植物的最古老的中化石植物群，根据保存完好的花、果实和种子的遗骸可以详细描述。除了被子植物，中化石植物区系还包括大孢子、孢子囊和带孢子植物的小叶子。还有针叶树的树枝、球果碎片和种子，以及属于BEG组的种子。总共约有100种已被区分出来。就已鉴定的植物片段而言，最丰富的是孢子植物和针叶树。虽然只有大约18%的标本属于被子植物，但考虑到植物区系的年龄，被子植物的多样性出乎意料地高。被子植物约占所有已知物种的62%。被子植物的多样性主要在ana级被子植物、木兰花和少数单子房早期分化系的水平上。成功者是从属的。新发现被子植物20个新属、28个新种(有盖植物Anaspermum operculatum gen. et sp. 11、牛膝果apapfructus nudus gen. et sp. 11、牛膝果(apomattoxia minuta sp. 11)、布氏布氏菌(Burgeria striata gen. et sp. 11)、长形木参(Canrightia elongata sp. 11)、长形木参(Choffaticarpus compactus sp. 11)、长形木参(diisia portugallica gen. et sp. 11)、短形木参(Eckhartia brevicolumella gen. et sp. 11)、长形木参(Eckhartia lonicolumella sp. 11)、长形木参(Eckhartia intermedia sp. 11)、卢西坦虫草等十一月，小叶虫草等十一月，古加冬虫草等十一月，白斑虫草等十一月，白斑虫草等十一月，寄生虫草等十一月，葡萄牙菊等十一月，长叶虫草等十一月，Kvacekispermum costatum十一月，Mcdougallia irregularis等十一月，Nicholsia brevicolpites等十一月，Piercipollis simplex等十一月，芦杉属(Reyanthus lusitanicus, gen. et sp. nov.)，斑点三叶草属(samylinae punctata, gen. et sp. nov.)，大叶蝉属(tebacia hughesii, gen. et sp. nov.)，椭圆叶蝉属(Vedresia, gen. et sp. nov.)。与产生中化石区系的孢粉学研究结果进行比较，发现孢粉区系中被子植物的多样性明显低估，这种模式在其他地方也得到了承认。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Fossil Imprint Earth and Planetary Sciences-Stratigraphy

CiteScore

1.70

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Fossil Imprint (formerly Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B – Historia Naturalis) is an international, open access journal, publishing original papers and reviews of any length from all areas of paleontology and related disciplines, such as palaeoanthropology, biostratigraphy, palynology, and archaeobotany/zoology. All taxonomic groups are treated, including plants, invertebrates, vertebrates, microfossils, and ichnofossils, with a special emphasis on terrestrial and post-Palaeozoic marine biota. We encourage the publication of international meetings as well as special thematic issues. The aim of the journal is to spread the scientific knowledge with no restrictions, and to allow access to it to any interested person. Each article includes information about the date of receiving, accepting and issue.