Exploring Self-Care Strategies in Individuals with Low Literacy Type 2 Diabetes and Euglycemia

Abstract

Purpose This qualitative study utilizes the health belief model to explore how individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus and low diabetes numeracy achieve and maintain good glycemic control. Methods Participants (n=10) participated in semi-structured interviews and completed the Patient Diabetes Knowledge Questionnaire, the Health Belief Questionnaire, and the Social Support Assessment Tool. Results Results indicate that participants had low levels of diabetes knowledge, high levels of perceived social support, and strong self-efficacy related to type 2 diabetes management, despite low numeracy. Self-designed routines mitigated potential educational, socioeconomic, and knowledge barriers. Self-efficacy and social support were strong protective factors.