Reinventing American Policing

IF 3.6 2区社会学 Q1 CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY

Crime and Justice-A Review of Research Pub Date : 2017-01-01 DOI:10.1086/688462

C. Lum, D. Nagin

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引用次数: 98

Abstract

Two principles should form the bedrock for effective policing in a democratic society. The first is that crimes averted, not arrests made, should be the primary metric for judging police effectiveness. The second is that citizens’ views about the police and their tactics for preventing crime and disorder matter independently of police effectiveness. Each principle is important in its own right and supported by research evidence. Neither has standing to trump the other and must be balanced on a case-by-case basis. In turn, these two principles should guide twenty-first-century efforts to reinvent American policing. Seven steps are essential to reinvention of democratic policing: Prioritize crime prevention over arrest. Create and install systems that monitor citizen reactions to the police and routinely report results back to the public and police supervisors and officers. Reform training and redefine the “craft of policing.” Recalibrate organizational incentives. Strengthen accountability with greater transparency. Incorporate the analysis of crime and citizen reaction into managerial practice. Strengthen national-level research and evaluation.

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重塑美国警务

两项原则应成为民主社会有效维持治安的基础。首先，判断警察有效性的主要标准应该是避免犯罪，而不是逮捕。第二，公民对警察的看法及其预防犯罪和骚乱的策略与警察的有效性无关。每一项原则都有其自身的重要性，并得到研究证据的支持。两者都没有胜过对方的地位，必须根据具体情况进行平衡。反过来，这两项原则应该指导21世纪重塑美国治安的努力。七个步骤对于重塑民主警务至关重要：将预防犯罪置于逮捕之上。创建并安装监测公民对警察反应的系统，并定期向公众、警察主管和官员报告结果。改革培训并重新定义“警务技能”。重新校准组织激励措施。以更大的透明度加强问责制。将对犯罪和公民反应的分析纳入管理实践。加强国家层面的研究和评估。

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来源期刊

Crime and Justice-A Review of Research CRIMINOLOGY & PENOLOGY-

CiteScore

5.60

自引率

0.00%

发文量

期刊介绍： Crime and Justice: A Review of Research is a refereed series of volumes of commissioned essays on crime-related research subjects published by the University of Chicago Press. Since 1979 the Crime and Justice series has presented a review of the latest international research, providing expertise to enhance the work of sociologists, psychologists, criminal lawyers, justice scholars, and political scientists. The series explores a full range of issues concerning crime, its causes, and its cure.