Development of Academic Patenting in European Regions – A Large Scale Analysis

IF 0.7 Q3 GEOGRAPHY
GeoScape Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI:10.2478/geosc-2022-0012
Miroslav Špurek, Š. Rehák
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引用次数: 1

Abstract

Abstract In this article, we analyze academic patenting on an unprecedented scale - for 29 European countries. The comprehensive identification phase captures both groups of academic patents, in and outside of the ownership of universities. With stronger patent rights of universities, the share of university-owned patents is increasing faster. Nevertheless, even today, universities own only one third of their patents while the other two thirds remain in the property of individuals and companies. Universities have recently accounted for 13% of regional patent production and compared to firms their contribution to region’s innovation performance remains small. The share of academic patents is higher in Eastern Europe and in regions where innovative companies are lacking, in capital regions, and in regions with a strong tradition in academic patenting. The contribution of universities to the innovation performance of the most innovative regions is relatively small, although there are large differences, and the size of the contribution can vary significantly for similar levels of patent intensity. Given the effects of university research, it has been known since the 1990s that increasing university spending on research is driving innovation on the part of companies and within the region. However, such an effect is limited to high quality research and is most effective in terms of regional policy in poor regions where innovative companies are lacking. In this paper, instead of research expenditure, university patents filed with the EPO represent university research, as other patents are assumed to be a product of companies. We have found that the latter can be predicted by the volume of academic patents.
欧洲地区学术专利的发展——大规模分析
摘要本文分析了欧洲29个国家空前规模的学术专利行为。综合鉴定阶段包括大学所有权内外的两组学术专利。随着高校专利权的增强,高校拥有的专利所占比重也在快速增长。然而,即使在今天,大学也只拥有三分之一的专利,而另外三分之二仍然属于个人和公司的财产。最近,大学占区域专利产量的13%,与企业相比,它们对区域创新绩效的贡献仍然很小。学术专利的比例在东欧和缺乏创新公司的地区、在首都地区和在学术专利方面具有强大传统的地区较高。大学对最具创新力地区创新绩效的贡献虽然存在较大差异,但相对较小,并且在相似的专利强度水平下,贡献的大小可能会有显著差异。考虑到大学研究的影响,自上世纪90年代以来,人们就知道,大学研究支出的增加正在推动公司和地区内部的创新。然而,这种影响仅限于高质量的研究,在缺乏创新公司的贫困地区的区域政策方面最为有效。在本文中,与研究支出不同,向EPO提交的大学专利代表了大学的研究,因为其他专利被认为是公司的产品。我们发现后者可以通过学术专利的数量来预测。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
GeoScape
GeoScape GEOGRAPHY-
CiteScore
2.70
自引率
7.70%
发文量
7
审稿时长
4 weeks
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