Profiling of primary metabolites of Averrhoa carambola, Spondias dulcis and Syzygium malaccense fruits revealed underpinning markers during “on-tree” maturation and ripening stages

Q3 Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Tracy A. Smith, Juan Vásquez-Martínez, Erika Mellado-Mojica, K. Vaidya, Mercedes G. López, N. Benkeblia
{"title":"Profiling of primary metabolites of Averrhoa carambola, Spondias dulcis and Syzygium malaccense fruits revealed underpinning markers during “on-tree” maturation and ripening stages","authors":"Tracy A. Smith, Juan Vásquez-Martínez, Erika Mellado-Mojica, K. Vaidya, Mercedes G. López, N. Benkeblia","doi":"10.36253/ahsc-11437","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The study aimed to profile and quantify sugars and organic acids metabolites in carambola, June plum and otaheite fruits during three different “on tree” stages: immature, green-mature and ripe stages. Metabolites were profiled and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed that glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose, and the sugar alcohol myo-inositol were detected in all fruits, while sucrose was detected in carambola and June plum only. Organic acids identified in all fruits were malic acid, citric acid, propanoic acid, and acetic acid. Comparatively, June plum showed the highest content of total sugars and carambola the lowest, while the highest total in organic acids content was found in otaheite and the lowest in carambola. On the other hand, most sugars increased during ripening of the three fruits, while organic acids decreased. Total sugars increased by 37%, 8% and 46% in ripe carambola, June plum and otaheite, respectively. Total organic acids decreased by 20% and 49% in ripe carambola and otaheite, while they slightly increased by 3% in ripe June plum. Furthermore, sugars/organic acids ratio in all fruits increased during maturation and ripening stages. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed two main groups of highly scoring metabolites, while the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that the metabolites were grouped into three main clusters. Conclusively, results showed that glucose, fructose, malic acid and tartaric acids were the key marker metabolites of the maturation and ripening stages of the three fruits.","PeriodicalId":7339,"journal":{"name":"Advances in horticultural science","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2022-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Advances in horticultural science","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.36253/ahsc-11437","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

Abstract

The study aimed to profile and quantify sugars and organic acids metabolites in carambola, June plum and otaheite fruits during three different “on tree” stages: immature, green-mature and ripe stages. Metabolites were profiled and quantified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results showed that glucose, fructose, galactose, arabinose, and the sugar alcohol myo-inositol were detected in all fruits, while sucrose was detected in carambola and June plum only. Organic acids identified in all fruits were malic acid, citric acid, propanoic acid, and acetic acid. Comparatively, June plum showed the highest content of total sugars and carambola the lowest, while the highest total in organic acids content was found in otaheite and the lowest in carambola. On the other hand, most sugars increased during ripening of the three fruits, while organic acids decreased. Total sugars increased by 37%, 8% and 46% in ripe carambola, June plum and otaheite, respectively. Total organic acids decreased by 20% and 49% in ripe carambola and otaheite, while they slightly increased by 3% in ripe June plum. Furthermore, sugars/organic acids ratio in all fruits increased during maturation and ripening stages. Principal component analysis (PCA) showed two main groups of highly scoring metabolites, while the hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) showed that the metabolites were grouped into three main clusters. Conclusively, results showed that glucose, fructose, malic acid and tartaric acids were the key marker metabolites of the maturation and ripening stages of the three fruits.
杨桃、Spondias dulcis和Syzygium malaccense果实的初级代谢物分析揭示了在“树上”成熟和成熟阶段的基础标记
该研究旨在分析和量化杨桃、六月李和奥塔黑果在三个不同的“树上”阶段:未成熟、青熟和成熟阶段的糖和有机酸代谢物。代谢物采用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)分析和定量。结果表明,在所有果实中均检测到葡萄糖、果糖、半乳糖、阿拉伯糖和糖醇肌醇,而在杨桃和六月李中仅检测到蔗糖。在所有水果中鉴定出的有机酸为苹果酸、柠檬酸、丙酸和乙酸。6月李总糖含量最高,杨桃最低;总有机酸含量最高的是奥塔黑特,杨桃最低。另一方面,在这三种水果的成熟过程中,大多数糖都增加了,而有机酸则减少了。成熟杨桃、六月李和奥塔黑果的总糖分别增加37%、8%和46%。成熟杨桃和奥塔黑桃的总有机酸含量分别下降了20%和49%,而成熟六月李的总有机酸含量则略微增加了3%。此外,在成熟和成熟阶段,所有果实的糖/有机酸比都有所增加。主成分分析(PCA)显示两组主要的高评分代谢物,而层次聚类分析(HCA)显示代谢物分为三个主要的聚类。结果表明,葡萄糖、果糖、苹果酸和酒石酸是三种果实成熟和成熟阶段的关键标志代谢产物。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
求助全文
约1分钟内获得全文 求助全文
来源期刊
Advances in horticultural science
Advances in horticultural science Agricultural and Biological Sciences-Horticulture
CiteScore
1.20
自引率
0.00%
发文量
15
审稿时长
12 weeks
期刊介绍: Advances in Horticultural Science aims to provide a forum for original investigations in horticulture, viticulture and oliviculture. The journal publishes fully refereed papers which cover applied and theoretical approaches to the most recent studies of all areas of horticulture - fruit growing, vegetable growing, viticulture, floriculture, medicinal plants, ornamental gardening, garden and landscape architecture, in temperate, subtropical and tropical regions. Papers on horticultural aspects of agronomic, breeding, biotechnology, entomology, irrigation and plant stress physiology, plant nutrition, plant protection, plant pathology, and pre and post harvest physiology, are also welcomed. The journal scope is the promotion of a sustainable increase of the quantity and quality of horticultural products and the transfer of the new knowledge in the field. Papers should report original research, should be methodologically sound and of relevance to the international scientific community. AHS publishes three types of manuscripts: Full-length - short note - review papers. Papers are published in English.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信