Effect of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors on Clinical and Laboratory Variables in Heart Failure Patients with Reduced Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction in a Latin American Hospital: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Heart failure (HF) is a syndrome suffered by more than 26 million people worldwide. SGLT2 inhibitors are drugs that have been shown to positively affect the management of HF patients, regardless of their diabetes status. A retrospective observational study was conducted on heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) enrolled at the HF clinic, who were on SGLT2 inhibitors. For these patients, baseline and follow-up data were collected and analyzed over time. Changes over time were quantified and statistical analysis was conducted to validate whether the changes were significant. After the screening of all the HF program patients, 24 met the inclusion criteria, with an average age of 68 years. Through the study, it was possible to find a statistically significant difference in the values of NT-ProBNP before and after adding a SGLT2 inhibitor in 14 patients (p = 0.0214). In addition, there was an improvement in the NYHA functional scale of 71% and no significant change in renal function or other laboratory values. Based on the studied parameters and throughout the clinical changes during the follow-up period, it was possible to establish an improvement in HFrEF patients on SGLT2 inhibitors as part of their therapy.