{"title":"The Dispute Settlements of Inheritance in Palangka Raya: A Legal Anthropology Approach","authors":"H. syaikhu","doi":"10.21093/MJ.V18I1.1441","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"The issue of inheritance distribution does not often lead to conflicts that must be resolved by means of litigation. In resolving conflicts that might arise, the community usually has set a separate rule to distribute inheritance. The people of Central Kalimantan, especially in the City of Palangka Raya, prioritize deliberations that are actually not contrary to Islamic law in resolving their inheritance disputes. Why and how these dispute settlements are conducted? This study uses normative-empirical methods which employs a legal anthropology approach. The results of the study show that the tradition of resolving inheritance disputes in the people of Palangka Raya City of Central Kalimantan prioritizes peaceful settlement disputes by using Islamic law first and then a family meeting is held to determine the agreeable share and distribution of assets. The principle of kinship in the protection of property (hifz al-maal) in the family is adopted, so that the community returns to share property with the negotiation method which is built on family agreements. By referring to Islamic jurisprudence on inheritance, the dispute settlements also aims at sharia compliant in order to adhere to Islamic doctrine (hifz al-din). Finally, they also adopt the principle of responsive thinking which is human based on local wisdom values in society. The conclusion of this study shows that the Palangka Raya City Society combines Islamic law and customary law in the distribution of inheritance.Keywords: dispute resolution, inheritance, Palangka Raya, legal anthropologyPersoalan pembagian kewarisan tidak jarang menimbulkan konflik yang harus diselesaikan. Dalam menyelesaikan konflik yang mungkin timbul tersebut, masyarakat biasanya telah menentukan suatu aturan tersendiri untuk meyelesaikan pembagian kewarisan. Masyarakat Kalimantan Tengah khususnya Kota Palangka Raya dalam penyelesaian sengketa waris, mengedepankan musyawarah yang sejatinya tidaklah bertentangan dengan hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi penyelesaian sengketa kewarisan pada masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya Kalimantan Tengah mengedepankan perdamaian dengan cara menggunakan hukum Islam terlebih dahulu kemudian dilakukan musyawarah keluarga untuk bersepakat menentukan bagian dan pembagian harta. Tradisi tersebut dilakukan dengan cara yang digabung atau due procces dispute resolution kewarisan. Sikap mental masyarakat tetap membagi harta secara Islam, kemudian harta digabung dengan nilai kemanusiaan (humanis). Adanya asas kekeluargaandalam perlindungan terhadap harta (hifzul maal) dalam keluarga, sehingga masyarakat kembali membagi harta dengan metode islah yang dibangun berdasarkan kesepakatan kekeluargaan. Masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya melaksanakan prinsip ta’abbudi dalam konteks menjalankan hukum faraid yang juga bertujuan syariat (maqashid syariah) memelihara agama (hifzul din) kemudian menjalankan prinsip ta’aqqulli berupa ijtihad responsif yang bersifat humanis berdasarkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal (local wisdom) di masyarakat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya menggabungkan antara hukum Islam dan hukum Adat dalam pembagian harta warisan.Kata kunci: penyelesaian sengketa, kewarisan, Palangka Raya, antropologi hukum","PeriodicalId":31362,"journal":{"name":"Mazahib","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0000,"publicationDate":"2019-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"5","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Mazahib","FirstCategoryId":"1085","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.21093/MJ.V18I1.1441","RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":null,"ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"","JCRName":"","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Abstract
The issue of inheritance distribution does not often lead to conflicts that must be resolved by means of litigation. In resolving conflicts that might arise, the community usually has set a separate rule to distribute inheritance. The people of Central Kalimantan, especially in the City of Palangka Raya, prioritize deliberations that are actually not contrary to Islamic law in resolving their inheritance disputes. Why and how these dispute settlements are conducted? This study uses normative-empirical methods which employs a legal anthropology approach. The results of the study show that the tradition of resolving inheritance disputes in the people of Palangka Raya City of Central Kalimantan prioritizes peaceful settlement disputes by using Islamic law first and then a family meeting is held to determine the agreeable share and distribution of assets. The principle of kinship in the protection of property (hifz al-maal) in the family is adopted, so that the community returns to share property with the negotiation method which is built on family agreements. By referring to Islamic jurisprudence on inheritance, the dispute settlements also aims at sharia compliant in order to adhere to Islamic doctrine (hifz al-din). Finally, they also adopt the principle of responsive thinking which is human based on local wisdom values in society. The conclusion of this study shows that the Palangka Raya City Society combines Islamic law and customary law in the distribution of inheritance.Keywords: dispute resolution, inheritance, Palangka Raya, legal anthropologyPersoalan pembagian kewarisan tidak jarang menimbulkan konflik yang harus diselesaikan. Dalam menyelesaikan konflik yang mungkin timbul tersebut, masyarakat biasanya telah menentukan suatu aturan tersendiri untuk meyelesaikan pembagian kewarisan. Masyarakat Kalimantan Tengah khususnya Kota Palangka Raya dalam penyelesaian sengketa waris, mengedepankan musyawarah yang sejatinya tidaklah bertentangan dengan hukum Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode normatif-empiris. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tradisi penyelesaian sengketa kewarisan pada masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya Kalimantan Tengah mengedepankan perdamaian dengan cara menggunakan hukum Islam terlebih dahulu kemudian dilakukan musyawarah keluarga untuk bersepakat menentukan bagian dan pembagian harta. Tradisi tersebut dilakukan dengan cara yang digabung atau due procces dispute resolution kewarisan. Sikap mental masyarakat tetap membagi harta secara Islam, kemudian harta digabung dengan nilai kemanusiaan (humanis). Adanya asas kekeluargaandalam perlindungan terhadap harta (hifzul maal) dalam keluarga, sehingga masyarakat kembali membagi harta dengan metode islah yang dibangun berdasarkan kesepakatan kekeluargaan. Masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya melaksanakan prinsip ta’abbudi dalam konteks menjalankan hukum faraid yang juga bertujuan syariat (maqashid syariah) memelihara agama (hifzul din) kemudian menjalankan prinsip ta’aqqulli berupa ijtihad responsif yang bersifat humanis berdasarkan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal (local wisdom) di masyarakat. Kesimpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Masyarakat Kota Palangka Raya menggabungkan antara hukum Islam dan hukum Adat dalam pembagian harta warisan.Kata kunci: penyelesaian sengketa, kewarisan, Palangka Raya, antropologi hukum