PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL-ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF MODERN METHODS OF WATER TREATMENT FOR THERMAL AND NUCLEAR POWER ENGINEERING

Abstract

A critical analysis of modern electric-physical and electric-chemical methods of water treatment is given in the context of the efficiency of treatment surface natural waters for the thermal and nuclear power engineering. Physical aspects of electric-chemical coagulation are considered. Theoretical values of the specific energy of destruction of passivation films on the surface of aluminum and iron electrodes, as well as the minimum voltages required for this, are calculated. The mechanisms of conversion of the energy of discharge pulses in a layer of granules of metal forming a coagulant immersed in water are described. According to the described model of energy conversion processes, the minimum theoretical values of the specific energy of the formation of erosive Al and Fe particles from molten and evaporated metal are calculated. A technique for studying the energy efficiency of plasma-erosion coagulation under laboratory conditions is described, and the results of these studies are presented. The specific energy of purification of 1 m3 of water by electric-chemical and plasma-erosion coagulation was calculated in various modes using Al and Fe as metals forming the coagulant. Based on the analysis of the obtained results, recommendations for ways to improve the energy efficiency of plasma-erosion coagulation modes are given. References 29, figure 1, table 1.