Antitoxic principles from Moringa oleifera (Mo11) and Musa sapientum (Ms06) ameliorated cadmium chloride-induced renal hyperplasia and apoptosis through Ki67/P53-mediated pathway in rats

Abstract

Background: Cadmium (Cd) is an established carcinogen. Cd-induced renotoxicity resulted in oxidative stress, loss of excretory kidney functions, and apoptosis of murine kidney cells. Objectives: This study evaluated renoprotective potentials of MO11 (isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves) and MS06 (isolated from Musa sapientum suckers) against Cd chloride (CdCl2)-induced renotoxicity, renal hyperplasia, and apoptosis in rats. Materials and Methods: Twenty-four adult male Wistar rats (average weight of 155 g) were randomly divided into seven groups (n = 4). Group 1 received physiological saline. Groups 2–4 and 6 received single intraperitoneal (i.p) administration of 1.5 mg/kg body weight of CdCl2 (i.p) (Day 1). Groups 3–4 and 6 were posttreated with 15 mg/kg body weight of MO11, 15 mg/kg body weight of MO11 +7 mg/kg body weight of MS06, and 3.35 mg/kg body weight of doxorubicin, respectively (days: 1–17). Group 5 received only olive oil dose (vehicle), respectively (days: 1–17). Kidney histopathology (hematoxylin and eosin technique) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay concentrations of biomarkers of proliferation (Ki67) and apoptosis (p53) in kidney homogenates of rats of Groups 1–6 were evaluated. Results: Histopathological analyses showed normal kidney histology in the rats of Groups 1–6. Posttreatments of CdCl2-induced renotoxicity with MO11, MO11+MS06, and doxorubicin resulted in downregulations of Ki67 and p53 in Groups 3, 4, and 6 as compared with Group 2. Conclusion: MO11 and MS06 possess renoprotective, anti-proliferation, and anti-apoptosis potentials.