Triagem auditiva neonatal em hospital da Rede Cegonha

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the profile of neonates who underwent neonatal hearing screening (NHS) and their mothers in a public hospital linked to the Rede Cegonha program, concerning sociodemographic characteristics and health outcomes. Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective and documentary study, based on data from medical records of a maternal and child hospital in the city of Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul. The sample consisted of 1,818 mother-baby dyads, who performed NHS from May 2014 to May 2015. The results of the NHS and maternal and neonatal clinical characteristics were analyzed. For data analysis, the statistical program SPSS version 21.0 was used. Results: Of the 1,818 neonates who underwent NHS, 359 (19.74%) had some risk indicator for hearing loss. Neonatal failure in NHS was associated with risk indicators for hearing impairment (presence of congenital HIV, p = 0.035; congenital cytomegalovirus, p = 0.048; and exposure to ototoxic drugs, p = 0.011) and between absence of any risk indicator for hearing impairment with respiratory dysfunction (p = 0.043) and neonatal sepsis (p = 0.021). In neonates without these indicators, this association occurred in those whose mothers had urinary tract infection during pregnancy (p = 0.015). Conclusion: Significant associations were found between NHS failure and maternal and infant characteristics that are not considered as risk indicators for hearing impairment.