Socio-Cultural Factors Influencing the Perception and Management of Meningitis among Older Patients and Their Caregivers

Abstract

Limited studies have investigated the socio-cultural factors influencing the management and control of Meningococcal Meningitis among older adults in Northern Nigeria. This study explored the lived experiences of older individuals with Meningococcal Meningitis and relationships with their caregivers in the Kaiama Local Government Area of Kwara State, Nigeria. Twenty (20) Meningococcal Meningitis patients aged 65+, their caregivers, and three (3) traditional healers were purposely selected for in-depth interviews. Results show that some older adults believed that their health conditions were caused by supernatural forces, thereby influencing the scope and type of care they receive. For such participants, traditional treatment options are fundamental for addressing the root causes of their ailment. Few participants mentioned that their health conditions were caused by excessive heat in their community and were more likely to consider biomedical treatments as the most effective for diagnosing, treating, and managing the ailment. Additionally, Meningococcal Meningitis might have caused physical, cognitive, and psychological frailties and impairments among the older patients, compelling family caregivers to support the older adult patients in their homes. We discuss the need for a policy that would benefit both those who care for older adults and the older adults themselves.