The Phanaeus tridens species group (Coleoptera: Scarabaeoidea): a dung beetle group with genital morphological stasis but a changing ecological niche

IF 0.9 4区农林科学 Q3 ENTOMOLOGY

Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae Pub Date : 2021-12-18 DOI:10.37520/aemnp.2021.025

V. Moctezuma, G. Halffter, Viridiana Lizardo

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引用次数: 4

Abstract

The Phanaeus tridens species group is revised and found to consist of twelve species: P. tridens Castelnau, 1840, P. moroni Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev., P. balthasari Arnaud, 2001 stat. rev., P. daphnis Harold, 1863, P. coeruleus Bates, 1887 stat. rev., P. herbeus Bates, 1887 stat. rev., P. substriolatus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev., P. furiosus Bates, 1887, P. pseudofurcosus Balthasar, 1939 stat. rev., P. nimrod Harold, 1863, P. victoriae Moctezuma sp. nov., and P. eximius Bates, 1887. The majority of the name-bearing types of the group were revised. The neotype for P. tridens is suggested herein. The following junior subjective synonymies are recognized: P. frankenbergeri Balthasar, 1939 = P. tridens Castelnau, 1840, P. tricornis Olsoufieff, 1924 = P. herbeus Bates, 1887, and P. babori Balthasar, 1939 = P. nimrod Harold, 1863; while P. furcosus Felsche, 1901 = P. furiosus Bates, 1887 is recognized as a junior objective synonymy. The species within the P. tridens species group are diagnosed by the morphology of the pronotum and elytra, while the genital morphology of males is found to be homogeneous and uninformative for species delimitation. Most species within the group show a wide diversity of colouration (showing green, red, and blue chromatic phases). This probably led to taxonomical confusion by previous authors. Here, we present a new identification key, species distribution models. Habitus photographs and character illustrations for all the species within the group are provided. The climatic niches overlap widely in P. herbeus and P. daphnis, but the other species within the group show a reduced overlap in their climatic niches. Consequently, the P. tridens species group is proposed as a case of morphological stasis that might be explained by a trade-off between the evolution of pronotal structures and genitalia, while differences in the ecological niche might promote speciation.

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Phanaeus tridens物种群（鞘翅目：Scarabaeoidea）：一个生殖器官形态停滞但生态位不断变化的甲虫群

经过修订，发现三角藻物种群由12个物种组成：三角藻Castelnau，1840，moroni Arnaud，2001 stat.rev.，balthasari Arnaud 2001 stat.rev.，daphnis Harold，1863，蓝斑藻Bates，1887 stat.rev.，herbeus Bates，188 7 stat.rev.，substrolatus Balthasar，1939 stat.rev。，P.nimrod Harold，1863年，P.victoriae Moctezuma sp.nov.和P.eximius Bates，1887年。该组的大多数名称类型都进行了修订。本文提出了三叉戟的新类型。以下初级主观同义词得到了认可：P.frankenbergeri Balthasar，1939=P.tridens Castelnau，1840，P.tricornis Olsoufieff，1924=P.herbeus Bates，1887，和P.babori Balthasar1939=P.nimrod Harold，1863；而P.furicosus Felsche，1901=P.furicos Bates，1887被认为是初级客观同义词。三叉戟物种群中的物种通过前足和鞘翅的形态进行诊断，而雄性的生殖器形态被发现是同质的，对物种划界没有信息。该类群中的大多数物种都表现出广泛的颜色多样性（表现出绿色、红色和蓝色阶段）。这可能导致先前作者在分类学上的混淆。在这里，我们提出了一个新的识别关键，物种分布模型。提供了该群内所有物种的习性照片和性格插图。草本水蚤和水蚤的气候生态位有广泛的重叠，但该类群内的其他物种在其气候生态位上的重叠减少。因此，P.tridens物种群被认为是形态停滞的一种情况，可以通过前体结构和生殖器进化之间的权衡来解释，而生态位的差异可能会促进物种形成。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae ENTOMOLOGY-

CiteScore

1.60

自引率

16.70%

发文量

审稿时长

6-12 weeks

期刊介绍： An open access journal publishing papers on insect systematics, morphology of adult and immature stages and/or their biology, phylogeny, large-scale catalogues, and general papers on methodology of insect systematics AEMNP is publishing papers on: Insect systematics, taxonomy and nomenclature; Morphology of adult and immature stages and/or their biology with possible applications in taxonomy and phylogeny; Phylogeny at least partly based on morphological characters (or with morphological characters mapped on the tree); Catalogues applicable for further taxonomy and biodiversity studies; General papers on methodology of insect taxonomy.